Working from home, hours worked and wages: Heterogeneity by gender and parenthood

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Arntz, Melanie, Ben Yahmed, Sarra and Berlingieri, Francesco (2022) Working from home, hours worked and wages: Heterogeneity by gender and parenthood. Labour Economics, 76. ISSN 0927-5371

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Abstract

Working from home (WfH) has been widely adopted since the Covid-19 pandemic. Pre-pandemic evidence on how hybrid work arrangements relate to labour market outcomes is a scarce and valuable benchmark. We exploit the German Socio-Economic Panel between 1997 and 2014 to investigate how such a work arrangement relates to working hours, wages and job satisfaction for different demographic groups. We find that childless employees work an extra hour of unpaid overtime per week and report higher job satisfaction after taking up WfH. Among parents, gender differences in working hours and monthly earnings are lower after WfH take-up. However, hourly wage increases with WfH take-up are limited to fathers, unless mothers change employers. We discuss the role of career changes, commuting and working-time flexibility in explaining these findings.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Funding Information: We thank the editor, two anonymous referees, Christina Boll, Bernd Fitzenberger, Susanne Steffes, Ralf Wilke and Sarah McNamara for valuable feedback and suggestions. We also received helpful comments from conference and seminar participants at EALE (St. Gallen), ESPE (Glasgow), Gender Economics and the Workplace (Nuremberg), Gender Economics Workshop (DIW, Berlin), 4th TASKS Conference (Mannheim), 2nd IZA/OECD Workshop (Paris), VfS Annual Conference (Vienna), AIEL 2020, SOLE 2021, and ZEW. We are grateful to the Leibniz Association for financial support (SAW-2014-ZEW-2 and P56/2017). Note: Additional results and copies of the computer programs used to generate the results presented in the article are available from Sarra Ben Yahmed at sarra.benyahmed@zew.de. The SOEP data used in the analysis (DOI: 10.5684/soep.v31.1) is available for free for research purposes from the DIW, see https://www.diw.de/en/diw_02.c.222518.en/research_data_center_of_the_soep.html for any details on data access. The paper mainly results from work undertaken by the authors at ZEW Mannheim. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. Funding Information: We thank the editor, two anonymous referees, Christina Boll, Bernd Fitzenberger, Susanne Steffes, Ralf Wilke and Sarah McNamara for valuable feedback and suggestions. We also received helpful comments from conference and seminar participants at EALE (St. Gallen), ESPE (Glasgow), Gender Economics and the Workplace (Nuremberg), Gender Economics Workshop (DIW, Berlin), 4th TASKS Conference (Mannheim), 2nd IZA/OECD Workshop (Paris), VfS Annual Conference (Vienna), AIEL 2020, SOLE 2021, and ZEW. We are grateful to the Leibniz Association for financial support (SAW-2014-ZEW-2 and P56/2017). Note: Additional results and copies of the computer programs used to generate the results presented in the article are available from Sarra Ben Yahmed at sarra.benyahmed@zew.de . The SOEP data used in the analysis (DOI: 10.5684/soep.v31.1) is available for free for research purposes from the DIW, see https://www.diw.de/en/diw_02.c.222518.en/research_data_center_of_the_soep.html for any details on data access. The paper mainly results from work undertaken by the authors at ZEW Mannheim. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. Publisher Copyright: © 2022
Uncontrolled Keywords: flexible work arrangements,gender,wages,working from home,working hours,economics and econometrics,organizational behavior and human resource management ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2000/2002
Faculty \ School: Faculty of Social Sciences > School of Economics
UEA Research Groups: Faculty of Social Sciences > Research Groups > Applied Econometrics And Finance
Related URLs:
Depositing User: LivePure Connector
Date Deposited: 16 Aug 2024 11:30
Last Modified: 25 Sep 2024 18:02
URI: https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/96266
DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2022.102169

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