Long-range ordering of topological excitations in a two-dimensional superfluid far from equilibrium

Salman, Hayder and Maestrini, Davide (2016) Long-range ordering of topological excitations in a two-dimensional superfluid far from equilibrium. Physical Review A, 94. ISSN 1050-2947

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Abstract

We study the relaxation of a two-dimensional (2D) ultracold Bose gas from a nonequilibrium initial state containing vortex excitations in experimentally realizable square and rectangular traps. We show that the subsystem of vortex gas excitations results in the spontaneous emergence of a coherent superfluid flow with a nonzero coarse-grained vorticity field. The stream function of this emergent quasiclassical 2D flow is governed by a Poisson-Boltzmann equation. This equation reveals that maximum entropy states of a neutral vortex gas that describe the spectral condensation of energy can be classified into types of flow depending on whether or not the flow spontaneously acquires angular momentum. Numerical simulations of a neutral point vortex model and a Bose gas governed by the 2D Gross-Pitaevskii equation in a square reveal that a large-scale monopole flow field with net angular momentum emerges that is consistent with predictions of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation. The results allow us to characterize the spectral energy condensate in a 2D quantum fluid that bears striking similarity to similar flows observed in experiments of 2D classical turbulence. By deforming the square into a rectangular region, the resulting maximum entropy state switches to a dipolar flow field with zero net angular momentum.By deforming the square into a rectangular region, the resulting maximum entropy state switches to a dipolar flow field with zero net angular momentum.

Item Type:	Article
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Science > School of Mathematics
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Quantum Fluids Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Centre for Photonics and Quantum Science
Related URLs:	http://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10....
Depositing User:	Pure Connector
Date Deposited:	04 Oct 2016 12:03
Last Modified:	09 Feb 2023 13:44
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/60723
DOI:	10.1103/PhysRevA.94.043642

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