APPROXIMATE VS. PURELY NUMERICAL APPROACHES FOR FULL WAVEFORM MODELLING OF GLOBAL EARTH STRUCTURE

Parisi, Laura (2015) APPROXIMATE VS. PURELY NUMERICAL APPROACHES FOR FULL WAVEFORM MODELLING OF GLOBAL EARTH STRUCTURE. Doctoral thesis, University of East Anglia.

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Abstract

This thesis focuses on the global seismic forward modelling of body and surface waveforms
in realistic 3-D Earth models using approximate and purely numerical methods. Firstly, we
investigate two techniques: (i) the Born approximation, which should be valid for media
with weak heterogeneity; and, (ii) the full ray theory approach, which should be valid for
smooth media. We find that the Born approximation has a very limited domain of validity.
It only models accurately surface waveforms with wave periods longer than T»80 s–90 s in
existing earth models, and for T>120 s–130 s when models with stronger heterogeneity are
considered. On the other hand, the full ray theory is valid for almost all the earth models
considered, failing only for unrealistically rough models. Hence, there is scope to build
future improved global tomographic models using this technique, which is computationally
very efficient. We then use a purely numerical technique, the spectral element method,
to assess the quality of a recently built global radially anisotropic mantle model (SGLOBErani).
We find that it explains independent seismic data slightly better than a previous
widely used model (S40RTS). Moreover, our tests find small data misfit differences between
isotropic and anisotropic versions of the models considered, which highlight the difficulties
in constraining 3-D radially anisotropic structure. Finally, we carry out forward modelling
experiments of short-period (T>5 s) body waves travelling through the Earth’s lowermost
mantle and investigate the effects of isotropic (1-D and 3-D), anisotropic and attenuation
structure on wave propagation. We find that phase interference can change the shape and
apparent arrival-time of wave pulses. This can give rise to apparent SH-SV wave splitting,
even when isotropic earth models are used. This suggests that caution should be taken when
interpreting SH-SV splitting of deep mantle body waves exclusively in terms of anisotropy in
the lowermost mantle.

Item Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Science > School of Environmental Sciences
Depositing User:	Users 2259 not found.
Date Deposited:	29 Jan 2016 11:32
Last Modified:	29 Jan 2016 11:32
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/56876
DOI:

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