Prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the intestinal flora of patients undergoing trans-rectal prostate biopsy in Norwich, UK

Yazbek Hanna, Marcelino, Tremlett, Catherine, Josan, Gurvir, Mills, Robert, Rochester, Mark and Livermore, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9856-3703 (2015) Prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the intestinal flora of patients undergoing trans-rectal prostate biopsy in Norwich, UK. BJU International, 116 (1). 131–134. ISSN 1464-4096

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Abstract

Objective. To determine the efficacy of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis in patients undergoing trans-rectal ultrasound scan (TRUS)-guided biopsy of the prostate in the Norwich population, and its correlation with ciprofloxacin resistance in the faecal flora. We also aimed to determine the usefulness of a pre-biopsy rectal screen for resistant bacteria in these patients. Patients and methods The incidence and microbiology of sepsis after TRUS-guided prostate biopsies between 2007 and 2011 was audited retrospectively. Subsequently, in 2012, a prospective study was performed, collecting the same data but also culturing rectal swabs from all patients undergoing TRUS biopsy, with a post-biopsy follow-up period of 6 months. All patients were given prophylactic oral ciprofloxacin, as per Trust policy (750 mg 1 hour pre-biopsy, followed by 250 mg q12h for 3 subsequent days). Results: Between 2007 and 2011, 3600 patients underwent TRUS biopsy. Among these, 11 (0.3%) were admitted to hospital for post-biopsy related sepsis but only 4 (0.1%) had ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli confirmed from blood cultures: three had ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae, and four had no ciprofloxacin susceptibility data. In 2012, 10 (3.7%) of 267 patients sampled pre-biopsy had ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli recovered on rectal swab culture but none of these men presented with post-biopsy sepsis; during the 6-month follow-up period, seven patients were diagnosed with urinary tract infections. Conclusion: Ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae remain rare in the intestinal flora of the Norwich TRUS population, meaning that the drug remains adequate as prophylaxis. Pre-biopsy rectal swabs may be useful for individual departments to periodically assess their own populations and to ensure their antibiotic policy remains valid. In populations where resistance is known to be highly prevalent, pre-biopsy rectal swabs can help guide addition of further antibiotics to prevent post-biopsy septicaemia.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	prostate biopsy,sepsis,infection,rectal swabs,fluoroquinolone
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Epidemiology and Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Public Health and Health Services Research (former - to 2023)
Depositing User:	Pure Connector
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2015 12:26
Last Modified:	21 Oct 2022 01:08
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/54058
DOI:	10.1111/bju.12865

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