Discordant neutralizing antibody and T cell responses in asymptomatic and mild SARS-CoV-2 infection

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Reynolds, Catherine J., Swadling, Leo, Gibbons, Joseph M., Pade, Corinna, Jensen, Melanie P., Diniz, Mariana O., Schmidt, Nathalie M., Butler, David K., Amin, Oliver E., Bailey, Sasha N. L., Murray, Sam M., Pieper, Franziska P., Taylor, Stephen, Jones, Jessica, Jones, Meleri, Lee, Wing-Yiu Jason, Rosenheim, Joshua, Chandran, Aneesh, Joy, George, Di Genova, Cecilia, Temperton, Nigel, Lambourne, Jonathan, Cutino-Moguel, Teresa, Andiapen, Mervyn, Fontana, Marianna, Smit, Angelique, Semper, Amanda, O’Brien, Ben, Chain, Benjamin, Brooks, Tim, Manisty, Charlotte, Treibel, Thomas, Moon, James C., Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Altmann, Daniel M., Maini, Mala K., McKnight, Áine and Boyton, Rosemary J. and COVIDsortium Investigators, COVIDsortium Immune Correlates Network (2020) Discordant neutralizing antibody and T cell responses in asymptomatic and mild SARS-CoV-2 infection. Science Immunology, 5 (54). ISSN 2470-9468

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Abstract

Understanding the nature of immunity following mild/asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2 is crucial to controlling the pandemic. We analyzed T cell and neutralizing antibody responses in 136 healthcare workers (HCW) 16-18 weeks after United Kingdom lockdown, 76 of whom had mild/asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection captured by serial sampling. Neutralizing antibodies (nAb) were present in 89% of previously infected HCW. T cell responses tended to be lower following asymptomatic infection than in those reporting case-definition symptoms of COVID-19, while nAb titers were maintained irrespective of symptoms. T cell and antibody responses were sometimes discordant. Eleven percent lacked nAb and had undetectable T cell responses to spike protein but had T cells reactive with other SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Our findings suggest that the majority of individuals with mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection carry nAb complemented by multispecific T cell responses at 16-18 weeks after mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Item Type:	Article
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
Related URLs:	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?...
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	06 Mar 2025 13:30
Last Modified:	28 Mar 2025 13:14
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/98701
DOI:	10.1126/sciimmunol.abf3698

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