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ToolsMustafa, Jack M., Matthews, Adrian J., Hall, Rob A., Heywood, Karen J. and Azaneu, Marina V. C. (2025) Modulation of the observed diurnal cycle of precipitation over the Maritime Continent by the Madden-Julian Oscillation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 130 (5). ISSN 2169-897X
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Abstract
The Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) exerts a downscale influence on the diurnal cycle (DC) of precipitation over the Maritime Continent (MC). We assess the characteristics of this downscale influence in GPM-IMERG data across the western MC, comparing the MJO cycles of daily-mean precipitation, DC amplitude, DC timing and additional diurnal characteristics. During a typical MJO event, islands and surrounding waters experience their greatest DC amplitude 2–4 days ahead of their greatest daily-mean precipitation. The MJO has a greater influence on daily-mean precipitation over water and on DC amplitude over land. Greatest DC amplitude over land leads greatest DC amplitude over surrounding waters by 3–6 days. DC timing varies systematically by MJO phase in most locations, particularly eastern Sumatra, eastern Borneo and the eastern Makassar Strait where the diurnal maximum may systematically vary in timing by over four hours. Over these regions, the diurnal maximum propagates westward before, and eastward after, the active MJO crosses the western MC. As the active MJO crosses, the diurnal maximum gets earlier across western land on large islands, and later across eastern land, creating a west–east regime divide in DC timing variability. Additional diurnal characteristics quantify further changes in the nature of the diurnal oscillation. MJO-induced changes in the diurnal timing of convective cloud cover may influence local radiation budgets. These results provide a detailed benchmark for the modulation of the DC by the MJO against which this scale interaction in models may be assessed.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | Data Availability Statement: GPM-IMERG v06 is no longer publicly available via the NASA website, since it has been superseded by v07, which is publicly available at https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datasets/GPM_3IMERGHH_07/summary?keywords=%22IMERG%20final%22. v06 is not made available alongside this study. RMM index data were sourced from http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/mjo/. OMI data were sourced from https://psl.noaa.gov/mjo/mjoindex/. The Python code used to perform waveform best-fit calculation for the skew-permitting and spike-permitting waveforms is publicly available on Zenodo (Mustafa, 2025). Funding information: JMM and MVCA were funded and AJM, RAH, and KJH were partially funded by the Natural Environment Research Council though the TerraMaris project (grant NE/R016704/1). This study contributed to the PhD thesis of JMM, which is publicly accessible at https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/95827/. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | madden-julian oscillation,maritime continent,diurnal cycle,precipitation,geophysics,space and planetary science,earth and planetary sciences (miscellaneous),atmospheric science ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1900/1908 |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Science > School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Research Groups/Centres > Theme - ClimateUEA |
| UEA Research Groups: | Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Numerical Simulation, Statistics & Data Science (former - to 2025) Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Fluids & Structures Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Collaborative Centre for Sustainable Use of the Seas |
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| Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Jan 2025 15:31 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Mar 2025 13:11 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/98337 |
| DOI: | 10.1029/2024JD042054 |
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