Guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential minerals

Turck, Dominique, Bohn, Torsten, Cámara, Montaña, Castenmiller, Jacqueline, de Henauw, Stefaan, Hirsch-Ernst, Karen-Ildico, Jos, Angeles, Maciuk, Alexandre, Mangelsdorf, Inge, McNulty, Breige, Pentieva, Kristina, Siani, Alfonso, Thies, Frank, Aggett, Peter, Crous-Bou, Marta, Cubadda, Francesco, Dopter, Aymeric, Fairweather-Tait, Susan ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1413-5569, Lietz, Georg, McArdle, Harry J., Passeri, Giovanni, Vinceti, Marco, Vrolijk, Misha, Craciun, Ionut, de Sesmaisons Lecarré, Agnès, Horvath, Zsuzsanna, Martino, Laura, Valtueña Martinez, Silvia and Naska, Androniki and EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) (2024) Guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential minerals. EFSA Journal, 22 (11). ISSN 1831-4732

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Abstract

Vitamins and essential minerals are micronutrients that are required for the normal functioning of the human body. However, they may lead to adverse health effects if consumed in excess. A tolerable upper intake level (UL) is a science‐based reference value that supports policy‐makers and other relevant actors in managing the risks of excess nutrient intake. EFSA's principles for establishing ULs for vitamins and minerals were originally developed by the Scientific Committee on Food in 2000. This guidance from the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens provides an updated framework for UL assessments. A draft was published in 2022 and underwent a 2‐year piloting period. The present document incorporates revisions based on the experience gained through its practical implementation. It covers aspects related to the planning of the risk assessment (problem formulation and definition of methods) and its implementation (evidence retrieval, appraisal, synthesis, integration, uncertainty analysis). As in the previous framework, the general principles developed for the risk assessment of chemicals in food are applied, i.e. hazard identification, hazard characterisation, intake assessment, risk characterisation. Specific to nutrients are their biochemical and physiological roles and the specific and selective mechanisms that maintain the systemic homeostasis and accumulation of the nutrient in the body. Such considerations must also be taken into account when conducting risk assessments of nutrients.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	sdg 3 - good health and well-being ,/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	08 Nov 2024 12:30
Last Modified:	13 Nov 2024 00:53
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/97593
DOI:	10.2903/j.efsa.2024.9052

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