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Khan, Muhammad Moman, Sidorczuk, Katarzyna, Becker, Juliane, Aleksandrowicz, Adrianna, Baraniewicz, Karolina, Ludwig, Christina, Ali, Aamir, Kingsley, Robert A. 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0194-6485, Schierack, Peter and Kolenda, Rafał
(2024)
Characterization of clumpy adhesion of Escherichia coli to human cells and associated factors influencing antibiotic sensitivity.
Microbiology Spectrum, 12 (5).
ISSN 2165-0497
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Abstract
Escherichia coli intestinal infection pathotypes are characterized by distinct adhesion patterns, including the recently described clumpy adhesion phenotype. Here, we identify and characterize the genetic factors contributing to the clumpy adhesion of E. coli strain 4972. In this strain, the transcriptome and proteome of adhered bacteria were found to be distinct from planktonic bacteria in the supernatant. A total of 622 genes in the transcriptome were differentially expressed in bacteria present in clumps relative to the planktonic bacteria. Seven genes targeted for disruption had variable distribution in different pathotypes and nonpathogenic E. coli, with the pilV and spnT genes being the least frequent or absent from most groups. Deletion (Δ) of five differentially expressed genes, flgH, ffp, pilV, spnT, and yggT, affected motility, adhesion, or antibiotic stress. ΔflgH exhibited 80% decrease and ΔyggT depicted 184% increase in adhesion, and upon complementation, adhesion was significantly reduced to 13%. ΔflgH lost motility and was regenerated when complemented, whereas Δffp had significantly increased motility, and reintroduction of the same gene reduced it to the wild-type level. The clumps produced by Δffp and ΔspnT were more resistant and protected the bacteria, with ΔspnT showing the best clump formation in terms of ampicillin stress protection. ΔyggT had the lowest tolerance to gentamicin, where the antibiotic stress completely eliminated the bacteria. Overall, we were able to investigate the influence of clump formation on cell surface adhesion and antimicrobial tolerance, with the contribution of several factors crucial to clump formation on susceptibility to the selected antibiotics. IMPORTANCE The study explores a biofilm-like clumpy adhesion phenotype in Escherichia coli, along with various factors and implications for antibiotic susceptibility. The phenotype permitted the bacteria to survive the onslaught of high antibiotic concentrations. Profiles of the transcriptome and proteome allowed the differentiation between adhered bacteria in clumps and planktonic bacteria in the supernatant. The deletion mutants of genes differentially expressed between adhered and planktonic bacteria, i.e., flgH, ffp, pilV, spnT, and yggT, and respective complementations in trans cemented their roles in multiple capacities. ffp, an uncharacterized gene, is involved in motility and resistance to ampicillin in a clumpy state. The work also affirms for the first time the role of the yggT gene in adhesion and its involvement in susceptibility against another aminoglycoside antibiotic, i.e., gentamicin. Overall, the study contributes to the mechanisms of biofilm-like adhesion phenotype and understanding of the antimicrobial therapy failures and infections of E. coli.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Data Availability Statement: Whole genome sequence for strain 4972 is freely available from the GenBank database under accession number GCA_018429805.1 (13). RNA sequences of adhered and unattached bacterial strain 4972 are available in the NCBI BioProject database under accession number PRJNA868552. The whole genome sequences of all the deletion mutants for this study are available in the NCBI BioProject database under accession number PRJNA880721. All LC-MS/MS data files and MaxQuant output files have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the PRIDE partner repository with the data set identifier PXD042731. Funding Information: This work was supported by EPIC-XS (project number 823839) funded by the Horizon 2020 program of the European Union. R.A.K. was supported by the UKRI Institute Strategic Programme Microbes in the Food Chain BB/R012504/1 and its constituent project(s) BBS/E/F/000PR10348 and BBS/E/F/000PR10349. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | adhesion,antibiotic tolerance,clumpy adhesion,escherichia coli,motility,stress,physiology,ecology,immunology and microbiology(all),genetics,microbiology (medical),cell biology,infectious diseases,sdg 3 - good health and well-being ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1300/1314 |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Science > School of Biological Sciences |
| Related URLs: | |
| Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Oct 2024 09:30 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Nov 2024 13:30 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/97178 |
| DOI: | 10.1128/spectrum.02606-23 |
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