Investigating the Entrepreneurial Intentions and Action Gap in the Saudi Context

Alkhulayfi, Abdulmohsen Mohammed A (2023) Investigating the Entrepreneurial Intentions and Action Gap in the Saudi Context. Doctoral thesis, University of East Anglia.

Preview

PDF Download (4MB) | Preview

Abstract

Background: The importance of entrepreneurship for economic development is well-known, and incorporated in reform programs like the Saudi 2030 Vision. However, despite efforts to encourage entrepreneurial intentions (EIs), many individuals struggle to take actual entrepreneurial actions (EAs) and start businesses. This gap between EI and entrepreneurial behaviours, has led researchers to seek explanations for why potential entrepreneurs do not act.

Purpose: This research aims to uncover why there is a gap between EI and EA among young people, by identifying the obstacles preventing them from turning their intentions into actions. It seeks to validate the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) model in the Saudi context and to follow up with recent graduates to see if they have taken any entrepreneurial actions after completing their studies.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Quantitative data was collected from 301 Saudi students in 2020, followed by a survey six months after graduation to assess their EA. Interviews were then conducted to explore barriers. Another survey was sent to 231 students in 2021, with a follow-up after graduation. This allowed testing of EI during and after COVID-19 restrictions.

Findings: The results provided evidence that the TPB model is valid in the Saudi context suggesting a strong association between EI and the TPB antecedents. A mediation analysis indicated that the three TPB antecedents were mediators between the social and societal factors (SAS) and EI. Analysis of the qualitative data pointed towards certain barriers preventing the participants from taking EA, these included the lack of financing, communication, training, and experience alongside bureaucracy and anxiety about expensive penalties.

Originality: The findings represent an original and novel empirical test of the TPB model in the context of Saudi Arabia. This thesis represents a groundbreaking exploration of the dynamics of entrepreneurial intention and action in the specific socioeconomic context of Saudi Arabia. By focusing on this unique context, this study fills a significant gap in the entrepreneurship literature, particularly in the Gulf region. This study provides new insights into the complexity of entrepreneurial behaviour in a rapidly evolving economy by providing a comprehensive analysis of the factors that influence the gap between entrepreneurial intention and subsequent action. This study employed a mixed method approach combining qualitative and quantitative approaches to gain a nuanced understanding of the complexity of the entrepreneurial decision-making process among Saudi Arabian individuals and aspiring entrepreneurs. By incorporating a culturally sensitive framework and contextual factors, this study highlights the unique challenges and opportunities inherent to the Saudi business environment. The findings of this paper will not only enhance the academic understanding of Saudi entrepreneurship but also aid policymakers and educators who aim to create a more conducive environment for entrepreneurship development, which also has practical implications for business leaders. By identifying barriers to entrepreneurial activity and proposing targeted interventions, this study aims to facilitate further research and promote the emergence of a vibrant entrepreneurial ecosystem in Saudi Arabia. This dissertation makes a significant contribution to the field of entrepreneurship by providing new perspectives, methods, and perspectives tailored to the specific sociocultural and economic context of Saudi Arabia. This highlights the importance of contextual research for understanding and promoting entrepreneurship both locally and globally.

Research Limitations: This research has several limitations including generalisability of the findings to other populations a little bit, short follow-up intervals, participant distribution, and the absence of implicit measures. The generalisability of a study refers to the degree to which the findings can be applied or generalised beyond the study sample to other settings. When investigating entrepreneurial intentions and behaviours in the Saudi context, applicable to large populations with little bit variations due to COVID-19 but is generalisability may be limited by factors such as specific culture and economic differences in the Saudi context and other areas of the world.

Theoretical Implications: The findings of the research confirm the applicability of the TPB model in the Saudi context. Additionally, the study introduces the Social and Societal (SAS) factors as a new antecedent to the TPB model.

Practical Implications: The findings suggest that interventions aimed at enhancing EI and facilitating the transition to EA should consider the influences of attitudes, social norms, perceived control, and broader societal factors. By addressing these factors, policymakers and educators can create an environment to support entrepreneurship and contribute to economic growth and development.

Item Type:	Thesis (Doctoral)
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Social Sciences > Norwich Business School
Depositing User:	Chris White
Date Deposited:	29 Aug 2024 12:53
Last Modified:	29 Aug 2024 12:53
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/96395
DOI:

Downloads

Actions (login required)

View Item