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ToolsAydin, Ümit, Gyurkovics, Máté, Ginestet, Cedric, Capp, Simone, Greven, Corina U., Palmer, Jason and McLoughlin, Gráinne (2023) Genetic overlap between midfrontal theta signals and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in a longitudinal twin cohort. Biological Psychiatry, 94 (10). pp. 823-832. ISSN 0006-3223
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Abstract
Background: Cognitive control has been strongly linked to midfrontal theta (4–8 Hz) brain activity. Such control processes are known to be impaired in individuals with psychiatric conditions and neurodevelopmental diagnoses, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Temporal variability in theta, in particular, has been associated with ADHD, with shared genetic variance underlying the relationship. Here, we investigated the phenotypic and genetic relationships between theta phase variability, theta-related signals (the N2, error-related negativity, and error positivity), reaction time, and ADHD and ASD longitudinally in a large twin study of young adults to investigate the stability of the genetic relationships between these measures over time. Methods: Genetic multivariate liability threshold models were run on a longitudinal sample of 566 participants (283 twin pairs). Characteristics of ADHD and ASD were measured in childhood and young adulthood, while an electroencephalogram was recorded in young adulthood during an arrow flanker task. Results: Cross-trial theta phase variability in adulthood showed large positive phenotypic and genetic relationships with reaction time variability and both childhood and adult ADHD characteristics. Error positivity amplitude was negatively related phenotypically and genetically to ADHD and ASD at both time points. Conclusions: We showed significant genetic associations between variability in theta signaling and ADHD. A novel finding from the current study is that these relationships were stable across time, indicating a core dysregulation of the temporal coordination of control processes in ADHD that persists in individuals with childhood symptoms. Error processing, indexed by the error positivity, was altered in both ADHD and ASD, with a strong genetic contribution.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | Funding Information: IDEAS is supported by UK Medical Research Council New Investigator Research grant (Grant No. MR/N013182/1 [to GM]). TEDS is supported by program grants (Grant No. MR/V012878/1 and previously MR/M021475/1) from the UK Medical Research Council, with additional support from the U.S. National Institutes of Health (Grant No. AG046938 ). Rights Retention Statement: For the purposes of open access, the author has applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence to any Accepted Author Manuscript version arising from this submission. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | adhd,asd,eeg,frontal midline theta,longitudinal,twin study,biological psychiatry ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2800/2803 |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Social Sciences > School of Psychology |
| Related URLs: | |
| Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Aug 2024 13:30 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Aug 2024 13:30 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/96231 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.05.006 |
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