Cognitive control adjustments are dependent on the level of conflict

Bognar, Miklos, Szekely, Zsuzsa, Varga, Marton A., Nagy, Kinga, Spinelli, Giacomo, Hartanto, Andree, Majeed, Nadyanna M., Chen, Nicole Rui Ying, Gyurkovics, Mate ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4483-3736 and Aczel, Balazs (2024) Cognitive control adjustments are dependent on the level of conflict. Scientific Reports, 14. ISSN 2045-2322

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Abstract

The congruency sequence effect (CSE) is one of the most investigated effects in the cognitive control literature. The conflict monitoring theory suggests that the CSE is the result of adjustments in cognitive control based on perceived conflict. A recent paper by Zhang and colleagues, has investigated whether the manipulation of conflict level by changing distractor incompatibility in a flanker task affects the amount of adjustments in cognitive control. Their study produced mixed findings, somewhat supporting the original conflict monitoring theory, but also suggesting other explanations, such as the repetition expectancy account. We replicated the experimental design in a multisite online study (N = 347), with Hungarian, Italian, and Singaporean participants. Our results supported the prediction that changes in the level of conflict trigger conflict adaptation, revealing that increasing conflict levels induced stronger adaptive control. Bayesian hypothesis testing indicated a monotonic reduction in congruency effects as a function of previous conflict strength. This finding is in line with the extension of the traditional conflict monitoring theory, as well as other theories like affective signaling and expected value of control, implying that the relationship between conflict and interference effects is gradual, rather than a binary function.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Data availability statement: The datasets generated and analysed during the current study are available in the Open Science Framework repository, https://osf.io/rsuzg. This study was preregistered on Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/cfjgz. Aside the anonymized data, experiment code, and analysis code can be also found on the OSF repository of this study: https://osf.io/e5ryf/. Funding information: Open access funding provided by Eötvös Loránd University. This project [134918] has been implemented with the support provided by the Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary from the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund, financed under the [FK_20] funding scheme.
Uncontrolled Keywords: 2* ,/dk/atira/pure/researchoutput/REFrank/2_
Faculty \ School: Faculty of Social Sciences > School of Psychology
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Depositing User: LivePure Connector
Date Deposited: 13 Aug 2024 13:30
Last Modified: 21 Oct 2024 00:52
URI: https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/96230
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53090-4

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