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ToolsBrainard, Julii, Swindells, Isabel Catalina, Wild, Joanna, Hammer, Charlotte Christiane, Hornsey, Emilio, Mahamed, Hibak Osman and Willet, Victoria (2024) Emergency infection prevention and control training in fragile, conflict-affected or vulnerable settings: A scoping review. BMC Health Services Research, 24. ISSN 1472-6963
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Abstract
Background: It is uncertain what could be the best training methods for infection prevention and control when an infectious disease threat is active or imminent in especially vulnerable or resource-scarce settings. Methods: A scoping review was undertaken to find and summarise relevant information about training modalities, replicability and effectiveness of IPC training programmes for clinical staff as reported in multiple study designs. Eligible settings were conflict-affected or in countries classified as low-income or lower-middle income (World Bank 2022 classifications). Search terms for LILACS and Scopus were developed with input of an expert working group. Initially found articles were dual-screened independently, data were extracted especially about infection threat, training outcomes, needs assessment and teaching modalities. Backwards and forwards citation searches were done to find additional studies. Narrative summary describes outcomes and aspects of the training programmes. A customised quality assessment tool was developed to describe whether each study could be informative for developing specific future training programmes in relevant vulnerable settings, based on six questions about replicability and eight questions about other biases. Findings: Included studies numbered 29, almost all (n=27) were pre-post design, two were trials. Information within the included studies to enable replicability was low (average score 3.7/6). Nearly all studies reported significant improvement in outcomes suggesting that the predominant study design (pre-post) is inadequate to assess improvement with low bias, that any and all such training is beneficial, or that publication bias prevented reporting of less successful interventions and thus a informative overview. Conclusion: It seems likely that many possible training formats and methods can lead to improved worker knowledge, skills and / or practice in infection prevention and control. Definitive evidence in favour of any specific training format or method is hard to demonstrate due to incomplete descriptions, lack of documentation about unsuccessful training, and few least-biased study designs (experimental trials). Our results suggest that there is a significant opportunity to design experiments that could give insights in favour of or against specific training methods. “Sleeping” protocols for randomised controlled trials could be developed and then applied quickly when relevant future events arise, with evaluation for outcomes such as knowledge, practices, skills, confidence, and awareness.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Data availability statement: The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Funding information: This work was primarily funded by a grant from the World Health Organization (WHO) based on a grant from the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC). JB and ICS were also supported by the UK NHIR Health Protection Research Unit (NIHR HPRU) in Emergency Preparedness and Response at King’s College London in partnership with the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) in collaboration with the University of East Anglia. EH is affiliated with the UK Public Health Rapid Support Team, funded by UK Aid from the Department of Health and Social Care and is jointly run by UK Health Security Agency and the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the WHO, NHS, NIHR, UEA, UK Department of Health, UKHSA or US CDC. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | infections,emergency,training,infection-control,education,training,education,infections,emergency,infection-control,health policy,sdg 3 - good health and well-being ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2719 |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School |
| UEA Research Groups: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Epidemiology and Public Health |
| Related URLs: | |
| Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Aug 2024 12:30 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Sep 2024 17:59 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/96164 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s12913-024-11408-y |
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