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Polturak, Guy, Misra, Rajesh Chandra, El-Demerdash, Amr 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6459-2955, Owen, Charlotte, Steed, Andrew, McDonald, Hannah P., Wang, Jiao Jiao, Saalbach, Gerhard, Martins, Carlo, Chartrain, Laetitia, Wilkinson, Barrie, Nicholson, Paul and Osbourn, Anne
(2023)
Discovery of isoflavone phytoalexins in wheat reveals an alternative route to isoflavonoid biosynthesis.
Nature Communications, 14.
ISSN 2041-1723
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Abstract
Isoflavones are a group of phenolic compounds mostly restricted to plants of the legume family, where they mediate important interactions with plant-associated microbes, including in defense from pathogens and in nodulation. Their well-studied health promoting attributes have made them a prime target for metabolic engineering, both for bioproduction of isoflavones as high-value molecules, and in biofortification of food crops. A key gene in their biosynthesis, isoflavone synthase, was identified in legumes over two decades ago, but little is known about formation of isoflavones outside of this family. Here we identify a specialized wheat-specific isoflavone synthase, TaCYP71F53, which catalyzes a different reaction from the leguminous isoflavone synthases, thus revealing an alternative path to isoflavonoid biosynthesis and providing a non-transgenic route for engineering isoflavone production in wheat. TaCYP71F53 forms part of a biosynthetic gene cluster that produces a naringenin-derived O-methylated isoflavone, 5-hydroxy-2′,4′,7-trimethoxyisoflavone, triticein. Pathogen-induced production and in vitro antimicrobial activity of triticein suggest a defense-related role for this molecule in wheat. Genomic and metabolic analyses of wheat ancestral grasses further show that the triticein gene cluster was introduced into domesticated emmer wheat through natural hybridization ~9000 years ago, and encodes a pathogen-responsive metabolic pathway that is conserved in modern bread wheat varieties.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | Data availability statement: All data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and its Supplementary Information. The coding sequences of the genes investigated in the study have been uploaded to NCBI GenBank, the accession numbers are: TaOMT3 (ON108662); TaOMT6 (ON108663); TaOMT8 (ON108664); TaCYP71C164 (ON108660); TaCYP71F53 (ON108661); TaCHS1 (ON108659); chi-D1 (JN039039). Source data are provided with this paper. Funding information: G.P. was supported by a Royal Society Kohn International Fellowship (NIF\R1\180677) and a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (838242). A.O.‘s and B.W.’s labs are supported by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-funded Institute Strategic Programme (ISP) Grant ‘Molecules from Nature’ (BB/P012523/1), the BBSRC ISP Grant ‘Harnessing Biosynthesis for Sustainable Food and Health (HBio) (BB/X01097X/1), and the John Innes Foundation. P.N.’s group is supported by the BBSRC Cross-Institute Strategic Programme Grant ‘Designing Future Wheat’ (BBS/E/J/000PR9780). Publisher Copyright: © 2023, The Author(s). |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | chemistry(all),biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology(all),physics and astronomy(all) ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1600 |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Science > School of Pharmacy (former - to 2024) Faculty of Science > School of Chemistry (former - to 2024) Faculty of Science > School of Biological Sciences |
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| Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Aug 2024 15:30 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Aug 2024 00:52 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/96118 |
| DOI: | 10.1038/s41467-023-42464-3 |
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