Cessation of Smoking Trial in the Emergency Department (COSTED): a multi-centre, randomised controlled trial

Pope, Ian ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5623-4178, Clark, Lucy V. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7162-0512, Clark, Allan ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2965-8941, Ward, Emma ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7579-3215, Belderson, Pippa, Stirling, Susan, Parrott, Steve, Li, Jinshou, Coats, Tim, Bauld, Linda, Holland, Richard, Gentry, Sarah, Agrawal, Sanjay, Bloom, Benjamin Michael, Boyle, Adrian A., Gray, Alasdair J., Morris, M. Geraint, Livingstone-Banks, Jonathan and Notley, Caitlin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0876-3304 (2024) Cessation of Smoking Trial in the Emergency Department (COSTED): a multi-centre, randomised controlled trial. Emergency Medicine Journal, 41 (5). pp. 276-282. ISSN 1472-0205

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Abstract

Background: Supporting people to quit smoking is one of the most powerful interventions to improve health. The Emergency Department (ED) represents a potentially valuable opportunity to deliver a smoking cessation intervention if it is sufficiently resourced. The objective of this trial was to determine whether an opportunistic ED based smoking cessation intervention can help people to quit smoking.   Methods: In this multi-centre, parallel-group, randomised controlled superiority trial conducted between January and August 2022, adults who smoked daily and attended one of six UK EDs were randomised to intervention (brief advice, e-cigarette starter kit and referral to stop smoking services) or control (written information on stop smoking services). The primary outcome was biochemically validated abstinence at six months.   Results: An intention-to-treat analysis included 972 of 1443 people screened for inclusion (intervention= 484, control= 488). Of 975 participants randomised, 3 were subsequently excluded, 17 withdrew and 287 were lost to follow-up. The six month biochemically verified abstinence rate was 7.2% in the intervention group and 4.1% in the control group (relative risk, 1.76; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03 to 3.01; p=0.038]). Self-reported 7-day abstinence at 6 months was 23.3% in the intervention group and 12.9% in the control group (relative risk, 1.80; 95% CI 1.36 to 2.38; p<0.001]). No serious adverse events related to taking part in the trial were reported.   Conclusions: An opportunistic smoking cessation intervention comprising brief advice, an e-cigarette starter kit and referral to stop smoking services is effective for sustained smoking abstinence with few reported adverse events.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Funding information: This study is funded by the NIHR (Health Technology Assessment (NIHR129438)). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. The funder had no role in considering the study design or in the collection, analysis, interpretation of data, writing of the report, or decision to submit the article for publication.
Faculty \ School: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > School of Health Sciences
UEA Research Groups: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Norwich Clinical Trials Unit
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Health Services and Primary Care
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Epidemiology and Public Health
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Population Health
Faculty of Social Sciences > Research Centres > Centre for Research on Children and Families
Faculty of Social Sciences > Research Groups > Child Protection & Family Support
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Norwich Institute for Healthy Aging
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Lifespan Health
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Depositing User: LivePure Connector
Date Deposited: 04 Mar 2024 18:30
Last Modified: 08 May 2024 08:21
URI: https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/94481
DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2023-213824

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