Local hydrological conditions influence tree diversity and composition across the Amazon basin

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Marca-Zevallos, Manuel J., Moulatlet, Gabriel M., Sousa, Thaiane R., Schietti, Juliana, Coelho, Luiz de Souza, Ramos, José Ferreira, Lima Filho, Diogenes de Andrade, Amaral, Iêda Leão, de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionízia, Rincón, Lorena M., Cardenas Revilla, Juan David, Pansonato, Marcelo Petratti, Gribel, Rogério, Barbosa, Edelcilio Marques, Miranda, Ires Paula de Andrade, Bonates, Luiz Carlos de Matos, Guevara, Juan Ernesto, Salomão, Rafael P., Ferreira, Leandro Valle, Dantas do Amaral, Dário, Pitman, Nigel C.A., Vriesendorp, Corine, Baker, Tim R., Brienen, Roel, Carim, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga, Guimarães, José Renan da Silva, Núñez Vargas, Percy, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan G.W., Andrade, Ana, Camargo, José Luís, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Vasquez, Rodolfo, Valenzuela Gamarra, Luis, Mogollón, Hugo F., Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur, Marimon, Beatriz S., Killeen, Timothy J., Farias, Emanuelle de Sousa, Neill, David, de Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Terborgh, John, Carlos Montero, Juan, Licona, Juan Carlos, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, García-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Villarroel, Daniel, Dávila, Nállarett, Coelho de Souza, Fernanda, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, Comiskey, James A., Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Oliveira, Alexandre A., Castilho, Carolina V., Lloyd, Jon, Feldpausch, Ted R., Ríos Paredes, Marcos, Castaño Arboleda, Nicolás, Cárdenas López, Dairon, Aymard Corredor, Gerardo A., Di Fiore, Anthony, Rudas, Agustín, Prieto, Adriana, Barbosa, Flávia Rodrigues, Noronha, Janaína Costa, Rodrigues, Domingos de Jesus, Carpanedo, Rainiellen de Sá, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Peres, Carlos A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1588-8765, Milliken, William, Fuentes, Alfredo, Tello, J. Sebastián, Cerón, Carlos, Klitgaard, Bente, Tirado, Milton, Sierra, Rodrigo, Young, Kenneth R., Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo Francisco, Stevenson, Pablo R., Cano, Angela, Wang, Ophelia, Baider, Cláudia, Barlow, Jos, Ferreira, Joice, Berenguer, Erika, Stropp, Juliana, Balslev, Henrik, Ahuite Reategui, Manuel Augusto, Mesones, Italo, Valderrama Sandoval, Elvis H., Gonzales, Therany, Pansini, Susamar, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Vos, Vincent Antoine, Palacios Cuenca, Walter, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Farfan-Rios, William, Silman, Miles R., Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, von Hildebrand, Patricio, Guedes, Marcelino Carneiro, Costa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa, Phillips, Juan Fernando, Vela, César I.A., de Toledo, José Julio, Pauletto, Daniela, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Umaña, Maria Natalia, Phillips, Oliver L., Magnusson, William E., ter Steege, Hans and Costa, Flávia R.C. (2022) Local hydrological conditions influence tree diversity and composition across the Amazon basin. Ecography, 2022 (11). ISSN 0906-7590

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Abstract

Tree diversity and composition in Amazonia are known to be strongly determined by the water supplied by precipitation. Nevertheless, within the same climatic regime, water availability is modulated by local topography and soil characteristics (hereafter referred to as local hydrological conditions), varying from saturated and poorly drained to well-drained and potentially dry areas. While these conditions may be expected to influence species distribution, the impacts of local hydrological conditions on tree diversity and composition remain poorly understood at the whole Amazon basin scale. Using a dataset of 443 1-ha non-flooded forest plots distributed across the basin, we investigate how local hydrological conditions influence 1) tree alpha diversity, 2) the community-weighted wood density mean (CWM-wd) – a proxy for hydraulic resistance and 3) tree species composition. We find that the effect of local hydrological conditions on tree diversity depends on climate, being more evident in wetter forests, where diversity increases towards locations with well-drained soils. CWM-wd increased towards better drained soils in Southern and Western Amazonia. Tree species composition changed along local soil hydrological gradients in Central-Eastern, Western and Southern Amazonia, and those changes were correlated with changes in the mean wood density of plots. Our results suggest that local hydrological gradients filter species, influencing the diversity and composition of Amazonian forests. Overall, this study shows that the effect of local hydrological conditions is pervasive, extending over wide Amazonian regions, and reinforces the importance of accounting for local topography and hydrology to better understand the likely response and resilience of forests to increased frequency of extreme climate events and rising temperatures.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Funding Information: This work was part of the MSc thesis of the first author developed at the Graduate Program in Ecology of the National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA). This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. Gabriel M. Moulatlet acknowledges the postdoctoral grant from the Project SEP‐CONACYT CB‐2017–2018 (grant no. A1‐S‐34563). We thank all ATDN members and field assistants involved for making a very rich database available. We thank Pedro Pequeno and Thiago Cavalcante for helping in data analysis; Camilo Rennó for support in the handling and interpretation of the HAND data; Bruce Nelson and Davieliton Mesquita for support in the handling and interpretation of climate data and all members of INPA Plant Ecology Laboratory for comments and suggestions.
Uncontrolled Keywords: amazon basin,hand,species composition,tree diversity,wood density,ecology, evolution, behavior and systematics,sdg 13 - climate action ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1105
Faculty \ School: Faculty of Science > School of Environmental Sciences
University of East Anglia Research Groups/Centres > Theme - ClimateUEA
UEA Research Groups: Faculty of Science > Research Centres > Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Conservation
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Depositing User: LivePure Connector
Date Deposited: 19 Dec 2022 11:30
Last Modified: 09 Oct 2024 13:38
URI: https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/90277
DOI: 10.1111/ecog.06125

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