Distributions of cherries and pitchforks for the Ford model

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Kaur, Gursharn, Choi, Kwok Pui and Wu, Taoyang ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2663-2001 (2023) Distributions of cherries and pitchforks for the Ford model. Theoretical Population Biology, 149. pp. 27-38. ISSN 0040-5809

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Abstract

Distributional properties of tree shape statistics under random phylogenetic tree models play an important role in investigating the evolutionary forces underlying the observed phylogenies. In this paper, we study two subtree counting statistics, the number of cherries and that of pitchforks for the Ford model, the alpha model introduced by Daniel Ford. It is a one-parameter family of random phylogenetic tree models which includes the proportional to distinguishable arrangement (PDA) and the Yule models, two tree models commonly used in phylogenetics. Based on a non-uniform version of the extended Pólya urn models in which negative entries are permitted for their replacement matrices, we obtain the strong law of large numbers and the central limit theorem for the joint distribution of these two statistics for the Ford model. Furthermore, we derive a recursive formula for computing the exact joint distribution of these two statistics. This leads to exact formulas for their means and higher order asymptotic expansions of their second moments, which allows us to identify a critical parameter value for the correlation between these two statistics. That is, when the number of tree leaves is sufficiently large, they are negatively correlated for 0≤α≤1/2 and positively correlated for 1/2<α<1.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	ford's alpha model,polya urn model,random trees,subtree statistics,tree shape,ecology, evolution, behavior and systematics ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1105
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Science > School of Computing Sciences
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Computational Biology
Related URLs:	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?... http://arxiv.org/abs/2110.02850
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	16 Dec 2022 10:31
Last Modified:	21 Apr 2023 05:34
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/90251
DOI:	10.1016/j.tpb.2022.12.002

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