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Potter, Tilly I. T., Horgan, Graham W., Wanders, Anne J., Zandstra, Elizabeth H., Zock, Peter L., Fisk, Helena L., Minihane, Anne-Marie 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9042-4226, Calder, Philip C., Mathers, John C. and de Roos, Baukje
(2022)
Models predict change in plasma triglyceride concentrations and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid proportions in healthy participants after fish oil intervention.
Frontiers in Nutrition, 9.
ISSN 2296-861X
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Abstract
Introduction: Substantial response heterogeneity is commonly seen in dietary intervention trials. In larger datasets, this variability can be exploited to identify predictors, for example genetic and/or phenotypic baseline characteristics, associated with response in an outcome of interest. Objective: Using data from a placebo-controlled crossover study (the FINGEN study), supplementing with two doses of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFAs), the primary goal of this analysis was to develop models to predict change in concentrations of plasma triglycerides (TG), and in the plasma phosphatidylcholine (PC) LC n-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), after fish oil (FO) supplementation. A secondary goal was to establish if clustering of data prior to FO supplementation would lead to identification of groups of participants who responded differentially. Methods: To generate models for the outcomes of interest, variable selection methods (forward and backward stepwise selection, LASSO and the Boruta algorithm) were applied to identify suitable predictors. The final model was chosen based on the lowest validation set root mean squared error (RMSE) after applying each method across multiple imputed datasets. Unsupervised clustering of data prior to FO supplementation was implemented using k-medoids and hierarchical clustering, with cluster membership compared with changes in plasma TG and plasma PC EPA + DHA. Results: Models for predicting response showed a greater TG-lowering after 1.8 g/day EPA + DHA with lower pre-intervention levels of plasma insulin, LDL cholesterol, C20:3n-6 and saturated fat consumption, but higher pre-intervention levels of plasma TG, and serum IL-10 and VCAM-1. Models also showed greater increases in plasma PC EPA + DHA with age and female sex. There were no statistically significant differences in PC EPA + DHA and TG responses between baseline clusters. Conclusion: Our models established new predictors of response in TG (plasma insulin, LDL cholesterol, C20:3n-6, saturated fat consumption, TG, IL-10 and VCAM-1) and in PC EPA + DHA (age and sex) upon intervention with fish oil. We demonstrate how application of statistical methods can provide new insights for precision nutrition, by predicting participants who are most likely to respond beneficially to nutritional interventions.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Funding: This FINGEN study was funded by the UK Food Standards Agency (Grant no. RRD7/N02/A). TP is sponsored by Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) and Unilever Foods Innovation Centre, Wageningen, Netherlands [Collaborative Training Partnership (CTP), Grant no. BB/S506916/1]. The research of BdR is funded by the Scottish Government’s Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS). |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | crossover study,fish oil,omega-3,precision nutrition,secondary analysis,statistical modeling,food science,endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism,nutrition and dietetics ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1106 |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School |
| UEA Research Groups: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Norwich Institute for Healthy Aging Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Nutrition and Preventive Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Lifespan Health |
| Related URLs: | |
| Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Nov 2022 11:30 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2023 03:28 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/89455 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fnut.2022.989716 |
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