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Luypaert, Thomas, Bueno, Anderson S., Masseli, Gabriel S., Kaefer, Igor L., Campos-Cerqueira, Marconi, Peres, Carlos A. 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1588-8765 and Haugaasen, Torbjørn
(2022)
A framework for quantifying soundscape diversity using Hill numbers.
Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 13 (10).
pp. 2262-2274.
ISSN 2041-210X
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Abstract
Soundscape studies are increasingly used to capture landscape-scale ecological patterns. Yet, several aspects of soundscape diversity remain unexplored. Although some processes influencing acoustic niche usage may operate in the 24-hr temporal domain, most acoustic indices only capture the diversity of sounds co-occurring in sound files at a specific time of day. Moreover, many indices do not consider the relationship between the spectral and temporal traits of sounds simultaneously. To provide novel insights into landscape-scale patterns of acoustic niche usage at broader temporal scales, we present a workflow to quantify soundscape diversity through the lens of trait-based ecology. Our workflow quantifies the diversity of sound in the 24-hr acoustic trait space. We introduce the Operational Sound Unit (OSU), a unit of diversity measurement that groups sounds by their shared acoustic properties. Using OSUs and building on the framework of Hill numbers, we propose three metrics that capture different aspects of acoustic trait space usage: (i) soundscape richness, (ii) soundscape diversity and (iii) soundscape evenness. We demonstrate the use of these metrics by (a) simulating soundscapes to assess whether the indices possess a set of desirable behaviours and (b) quantifying soundscape richness and evenness along a gradient in species richness. We demonstrate that (a) the indices outlined herein have desirable behaviours and (b) the soundscape richness and evenness are positively correlated with the richness of sound-producing species. This suggests that more acoustic niche space is occupied when the species richness is higher. Additionally, species-poor acoustic communities have a higher proportion of rare sounds and use the acoustic space less evenly. Our workflow generates novel insights into acoustic niche usage at a landscape scale and provides a useful tool for biodiversity monitoring. Moreover, Hill numbers can also be used to measure the taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversity. Using a common framework for diversity measurement gives metrics a common behaviour, interpretation and standardised unit, thus ensuring comparisons between soundscape diversity and other metrics represent real-world ecological patterns rather than mathematical artefacts stemming from different formulae.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Research Funding: Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico. Grant Numbers: 200463/2014-4, 309473/2019-5; Natural Environment Research Council. Grant Number: NE/J01401X/1; Norges Miljø- og Biovitenskapelige Universitet; Reserva Biológica do Uatumã; Rufford Foundation. Grant Number: 17715-1; University of East Anglia |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Science > School of Environmental Sciences |
| UEA Research Groups: | Faculty of Science > Research Centres > Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Conservation |
| Related URLs: | |
| Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Oct 2022 15:30 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Oct 2024 13:38 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/89246 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/2041-210X.13924 |
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