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Franklin, Kirsty A., Nicoll, Malcolm A. C., Butler, Simon J. 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5111-5639, Norris, Ken, Ratcliffe, Norman, Nakagawa, Shinichi and Gill, Jennifer A.
(2022)
Individual repeatability of avian migration phenology: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Journal of Animal Ecology, 91 (7).
pp. 1416-1430.
ISSN 0021-8790
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Abstract
Changes in phenology and distribution are being widely reported for many migratory species in response to shifting environmental conditions. Understanding these changes and the situations in which they occur can be aided by understanding consistent individual differences in phenology and distribution and the situations in which consistency varies in strength or detectability. Studies tracking the same individuals over consecutive years are increasingly reporting migratory timings to be a repeatable trait, suggesting that flexible individual responses to environmental conditions may contribute little to population-level changes in phenology and distribution. However, how this varies across species and sexes, across the annual cycle and in relation to study (tracking method, study design) and/or ecosystem characteristics is not yet clear. Here, we take advantage of the growing number of publications in movement ecology to perform a phylogenetic multilevel meta-analysis of repeatability estimates for avian migratory timings to investigate these questions. Of 2,433 reviewed studies, 54 contained suitable information for meta-analysis, resulting in 177 effect sizes from 47 species. Individual repeatability of avian migratory timings averaged 0.414 (95% confidence interval: 0.3–0.5) across landbirds, waterbirds and seabirds, suggesting consistent individual differences in migratory timings is a common feature of migratory systems. Timing of departure from the non-breeding grounds was more repeatable than timings of arrival at or departure from breeding grounds, suggesting that conditions encountered on migratory journeys and outcome of breeding attempts can influence individual variation. Population-level shifts in phenology could arise through individual timings changing with environmental conditions and/or through shifts in the numbers of individuals with different timings. Our findings suggest that, in addition to identifying the conditions associated with individual variation in phenology, exploring the causes of between-individual variation will be key in predicting future rates and directions of changes in migratory timings. We therefore encourage researchers to report the within- and between- individual variance components underpinning the reported repeatability estimates to aid interpretation of migration behaviour. In addition, the lack of studies in the tropics means that levels of repeatability in less strongly seasonal environments are not yet clear.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Data available from: https://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.n02v6wx09 Funding Information: The work was supported by NERC (NE/P002986/1) and K.A.F was funded by a John and Pat Warham PhD studentship from the British Ornithologists' Union (BOU). |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | annual cycle,bird migration,consistent individual differences,individual variation,intraclass correlation coefficient,timing,ecology, evolution, behavior and systematics,animal science and zoology ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1105 |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Science > School of Biological Sciences |
| UEA Research Groups: | Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Organisms and the Environment Faculty of Science > Research Centres > Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Conservation |
| Related URLs: | |
| Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Apr 2022 15:30 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Jun 2024 00:14 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/84631 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/1365-2656.13697 |
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