An overview of groundwater monitoring through point-to satellite-based techniques

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Masood, Amjad, Tariq, Muhammad Atiq Ur Rahman, Hashmi, Muhammad Zia Ur Rahman, Waseem, Muhammad, Sarwar, Muhammad Kaleem, Ali, Wasif, Farooq, Rashid, Almazroui, Mansour and Ng, Anne W. M. (2022) An overview of groundwater monitoring through point-to satellite-based techniques. Water, 14 (4). ISSN 2073-4441

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Abstract

Groundwater supplies approximately half of the total global domestic water demand. It also complements the seasonal and annual variabilities of surface water. Monitoring of groundwater fluctuations is mandatory to envisage the composition of terrestrial water storage. This research provides an overview of traditional techniques and detailed discussion on the modern tools and methods to monitor groundwater fluctuations along with advanced applications. The groundwater monitoring can broadly be classified into three groups. The first one is characterized by the point measurement to measure the groundwater levels using classical instruments and electronic and physical investigation techniques. The second category involves the extensive use of satellite data to ensure robust and cost-effective real-time monitoring to assess the groundwater storage variations. Many satellite data are in use to find groundwater indirectly. However, GRACE satellite data supported with other satellite products, computational tools, GIS techniques, and hydro-climate models have proven the most effective for groundwater resources management. The third category is groundwater numerical modeling, which is a very useful tool to evaluate and project groundwater resources in future. Groundwater numerical modeling also depends upon the point-based groundwater monitoring, so more research to improve point-based detection methods using latest technologies is required, as these still play the baseline role. GRACE and numerical groundwater modeling are suggested to be used conjunctively to assess the groundwater resources more efficiently.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	geophysics,grace,groundwater level fluctuations,groundwater monitoring,numerical modeling,point based monitoring,satellite-based monitoring,water science and technology,geography, planning and development,aquatic science,biochemistry,sdg 13 - climate action ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2312
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Science > School of Environmental Sciences
Related URLs:	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?... https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/4/565
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	24 Feb 2022 14:30
Last Modified:	23 Oct 2022 03:34
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/83681
DOI:	10.3390/w14040565

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