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Zhang, Joyce, Meiser-Stedman, Richard 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0262-623X, Jones, Bobby, Smith, Patrick, Dalgleish, Tim, Boyle, Adrian, Edwards, Andrea, Subramanyam, Devasena, Dixon, Clare, Sinclaire-Harding, Lysandra, Schweizer, Susanne, Newby, Jill and McKinnon, Anna
(2022)
Trajectory of post-traumatic stress and depression among children and adolescents following single-incident trauma.
European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 13 (1).
ISSN 2000-8066
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Abstract
Objective: Post-traumatic stress disorder and depression have high comorbidity. Understanding their relationship is of clinical and theoretical importance. A comprehensive way to understand post-trauma psychopathology is through symptom trajectories. This study aims to look at the developmental courses of PTSD and depression symptoms and their interrelationship in the initial months post-trauma in children and adolescents. Methods: Two-hundred-and-seventeen children and adolescents aged between eight and 17 exposed to single-event trauma were included in the study. Post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and depression symptoms were measured at 2 weeks, 2 months and 9 months, with further psychological variables measured at the 2-week assessment. Group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM) was applied to estimate the latent developmental clusters of the two outcomes. Logistic regression was used to identify predictors associated with high symptom groups. Results: The GBTM yielded a three-group model for PTSS and a three-group model for depression. PTSS trajectories showed symptoms reduced to a non-clinical level by 9 months for all participants (if they were not already in the non-clinical range): participants were observed to be resilient (42.4%) or recovered within 2 months (35.6%), while 21.9% experienced high level PTSS but recovered by 9 months post-trauma. The depression symptom trajectories predicted a chronic non-recovery group (20.1%) and two mild symptom groups (45.9%, 34.0%). Further analysis showed high synchronicity between PTSS and depression groups. Peri-event panic, negative appraisals, rumination and thought suppression at 2 weeks predicted slow recovery from PTSS. Pre-trauma wellbeing, post-trauma anxiety and negative appraisals predicted chronic depression. Conclusions: Post-trauma depression was more persistent than PTSS at 9 months in the sampled population. Cognitive appraisal was the shared risk factor to high symptom groups of both PTSS and depression.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Funding Information: This research received no specific grant from any funding agency, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | gbtm,lcga,ptsd,comorbidity,computational phenotyping,depression,trajectory,psychiatry and mental health ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2738 |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School |
| UEA Research Groups: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Mental Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Lifespan Health |
| Related URLs: | |
| Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Jan 2022 16:30 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Nov 2023 03:11 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/83165 |
| DOI: | 10.1080/20008198.2022.2037906 |
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