Effect of reducing total fat intake on body weight: a review of the evidence

Hooper, Lee ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7904-3331, Bunn, Diane, Jimoh, Oluseyi F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4296-2729 and Abdelhamid, Asmaa (2021) Effect of reducing total fat intake on body weight: a review of the evidence. In: Fats and associated compounds. Royal Society of Chemistry, London, pp. 162-189. ISBN 978-1-78801-885-2

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Abstract

A variety of mechanisms and genetic associations suggest that total dietary fat intake may influence body weight and risk of being overweight. Long-term RCTs suggest that reducing total fat intake (in people of normal body weight and without any intention to reduce body weight) causes a small reduction in body weight. Meta-analysis suggests that the effect of eating less than 30% of energy from fat, compared with higher fat intake, is a mean weight reduction of 1.4 kg (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7 to 1.1 kg, in 53 875 participants from 26 RCTs, I2¼75%). Greater fat reduction results in greater weight loss. Similar effects were seen on BMI, waist circumference and body fatness, and small improvements in lipids and blood pressure were also seen. This relationship between dietary fat and weight was confirmed in a 6-month isocaloric controlled feeding trial from China. The three trials of low-fat interventions in children suggest small reductions in BMI with a lower fat diet, but data quality was low. On the other hand, in overweight or obese adults trying to lose weight, macronutrient composition appears fairly unimportant, and weight loss depends on adherence to calorie restriction.

Item Type: Book Section
Faculty \ School: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > School of Health Sciences
UEA Research Groups: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Epidemiology and Public Health
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Health Services and Primary Care
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Public Health and Health Services Research (former - to 2023)
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > UEA Hydrate Group
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Health Promotion
Faculty of Social Sciences > Research Centres > Water Security Research Centre
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Population Health
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Lifespan Health
Depositing User: LivePure Connector
Date Deposited: 11 Jan 2022 11:30
Last Modified: 24 Sep 2024 08:19
URI: https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/82963
DOI: 10.1039/9781839165078

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