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Zhao, Xiaodan, Tan, Ru-San, Garg, Pankaj 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5483-169X, Chai, Ping, Leng, Shuang, Bryant, Jennifer, Teo, Lynette L. S., Ong, Ching Ching, van der Geest, Rob J., Allen, John C., Yip, James W., Tan, Ju Le, Plein, Sven, Westenberg, Jos J. W. and Zhong, Liang
(2021)
Impact of age, sex and ethnicity on intra-cardiac flow components and left ventricular kinetic energy derived from 4D flow CMR.
International Journal of Cardiology, 336.
pp. 105-112.
ISSN 1874-1754
Abstract
Background: Four-dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (4D flow CMR) allows quantification of left ventricular (LV) blood flow. We aimed to 1) establish reference ranges for 4D flow CMR-derived LV relative flow components and kinetic energy parameters indexed to end-diastolic volume (KEi EDV) among healthy Asian subjects, 2) assess effects of age and sex on these parameters, and 3) compare these parameters between Asian and Caucasian subjects. Methods: 74 healthy Asian subjects underwent cine and 4D flow CMR. Relative flow components (direct flow, retained inflow, delayed ejection flow, residual volume) and multiple phasic KEi EDV (LV global, peak systolic, systolic, diastolic, peak E-wave, peak A-wave) were analyzed. Sex- and age-specific reference ranges were reported. Results: Relative flow components and systolic phase KEi EDV did not vary with age. Women had higher retained inflow and peak E-wave KEi EDV, lower residual volume, peak systolic and systolic KEi EDV than men. Peak A-wave KEi EDV increased significantly (r = 0.474) whereas peak E-wave KEi EDV (r = −0.458) and E-wave/A-wave ratio (r = −0.528) decreased with age. A sub-population (n = 44) was compared with 44 sex- and age-matched Caucasian subjects: no significant group differences were observed for all 4D flow CMR parameters. Conclusion: Asian sex- and age-specific 4D flow CMR reference ranges were established. Sex differences in retained inflow, residual volume, peak systolic, systolic KEi EDV and peak E-wave KEi EDV were observed. Ageing influenced diastolic KEi EDV but not systolic phase KEi EDV or relative flow components. All studied parameters were similar between sex- and age-matched Asian and Caucasian subjects, implying generalizability of the ranges.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Medical Research Council of Singapore [grant numbers NMRC/OFIRG/0018/2016 , NMRC/BnB/0017/2015 , MOH-000358 , MOH-000351 ]. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | 4d flow,flow components,hemodynamics,kinetic energy,normal ranges,cardiology and cardiovascular medicine ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2705 |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School |
| UEA Research Groups: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Metabolic Health |
| Related URLs: | |
| Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jan 2022 11:30 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2023 03:08 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/82855 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.05.035 |
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