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Dong, Yuanxu 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1468-1623, Yang, Mingxi, Bakker, Dorothee C. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9234-5337, Liss, Peter S., Kitidis, Vassilis, Brown, Ian, Chierici, Melissa, Fransson, Agneta and Bell, Thomas G.
(2021)
Near-surface stratification due to ice melt biases Arctic air-sea CO2 flux estimates.
Geophysical Research Letters, 48 (22).
ISSN 0094-8276
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Abstract
Air-sea carbon dioxide (CO2) flux is generally estimated by the bulk method using upper ocean CO2 fugacity measurements. In the summertime Arctic, sea-ice melt results in stratification within the upper ocean (top ∼10 m), which can bias bulk CO2 flux estimates when the seawater CO2 fugacity is taken from a ship’s seawater inlet at ∼6 m depth (fCO2w_bulk). Direct flux measurements by eddy covariance are unaffected by near-surface stratification. We use eddy covariance CO2 flux measurements to infer sea surface CO2 fugacity (fCO2w_surface) in the Arctic Ocean. In sea-ice melt regions, fCO2w_surface values are consistently lower than fCO2w_bulk by an average of 39 µatm. Lower fCO2w_surface can be partially accounted for by fresher (≥ 27%) and colder (17%) melt waters. A back-of-the-envelope calculation shows that neglecting the summertime sea-ice melt could lead to a 6–17% underestimate of the annual Arctic Ocean CO2 uptake.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Science > School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Research Groups/Centres > Theme - ClimateUEA |
| UEA Research Groups: | Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Climatic Research Unit |
| Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Nov 2021 01:51 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Dec 2024 01:37 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/82091 |
| DOI: | 10.1029/2021GL095266 |
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