Leptin activates Akt in oesophageal cancer cells via multiple atorvastatin-sensitive small GTPases

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Beales, Ian L. P. and Ogunwobi, Olorunseun O. (2021) Leptin activates Akt in oesophageal cancer cells via multiple atorvastatin-sensitive small GTPases. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 476 (6). 2307–2316. ISSN 0300-8177

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Abstract

Obesity is a risk factor for Barrett’s oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Adipose tissue secretes the hormone leptin. Leptin is a growth factor for several cell types, including Barrett’s cells and oesophageal adenocarcinoma cells. Statins are associated with reduced rates of Barrett’s oesophagus and oesophageal cancer and exhibit anti-cancer effects in vitro. The mechanisms of these effects are not fully established. We have examined the effects of leptin and the lipid-soluble statin, atorvastatin, on signalling via monomeric GTP-binding proteins and Akt. Proliferation and apoptosis were assessed in OE33 cells. Akt activity was quantified by cell-based ELISA and in vitro kinase assay. Specific small-molecule inhibitors and a dominant-negative construct were used to reduce Akt activity. Small GTPases were inhibited using transfection of dominant-negative plasmids, prenylation inhibitors and pretreatment with atorvastatin. Leptin stimulated Akt activity and cell proliferation and inhibited camptothecin-induced apoptosis in an Akt-sensitive manner. Leptin induced phosphorylation of Bad and FOXO1 in an Akt-sensitive manner. Leptin activated Ras, Rac, RhoA and cdc42. Transfection of dominant-negative plasmids confirmed that leptin-induced Akt activation required Ras, RhoA cdc42 but not Rac. Atorvastatin inhibited leptin-induced activation of Ras, RhoA, cdc42 and Akt. Co-treatment with mevalonate prevented these effects of atorvastatin. The protein kinase Akt is essential to the growth-promoting and anti-apoptotic effects of leptin in oesophageal adenocarcinoma cells. Akt is activated via Ras-, Rho- and cdc42-dependant pathways. Atorvastatin reduces leptin-induced Akt activation by inhibiting prenylation of small GTPases. This may explain the reduced incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma in statin-users.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	akt,barrett’s oesophagus,hydroxymethyl-coa reductase inhibitor,leptin,monomeric gtp-binding proteins,obesity,molecular biology,clinical biochemistry,cell biology,sdg 3 - good health and well-being ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1300/1312
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
Related URLs:	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?... http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11010-...
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	14 May 2021 00:06
Last Modified:	23 Oct 2022 02:27
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/80008
DOI:	10.1007/s11010-021-04067-8

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