Measuring acoustic habitats

Merchant, Nathan D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1090-0016, Fristrup, Kurt M., Johnson, Mark P., Tyack, Peter L., Witt, Matthew J., Blondel, Philippe and Parks, Susan E. (2015) Measuring acoustic habitats. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 6 (3). pp. 257-265. ISSN 2041-210X

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Abstract

Many organisms depend on sound for communication, predator/prey detection and navigation. The acoustic environment can therefore play an important role in ecosystem dynamics and evolution. A growing number of studies are documenting acoustic habitats and their influences on animal development, behaviour, physiology and spatial ecology, which has led to increasing demand for passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) expertise in the life sciences. However, as yet, there has been no synthesis of data processing methods for acoustic habitat monitoring, which presents an unnecessary obstacle to would-be PAM analysts. Here, we review the signal processing techniques needed to produce calibrated measurements of terrestrial and aquatic acoustic habitats. We include a supplemental tutorial and template computer codes in matlab and r, which give detailed guidance on how to produce calibrated spectrograms and statistical analyses of sound levels. Key metrics and terminology for the characterisation of biotic, abiotic and anthropogenic sound are covered, and their application to relevant monitoring scenarios is illustrated through example data sets. To inform study design and hardware selection, we also include an up-to-date overview of terrestrial and aquatic PAM instruments. Monitoring of acoustic habitats at large spatiotemporal scales is becoming possible through recent advances in PAM technology. This will enhance our understanding of the role of sound in the spatial ecology of acoustically sensitive species and inform spatial planning to mitigate the rising influence of anthropogenic noise in these ecosystems. As we demonstrate in this work, progress in these areas will depend upon the application of consistent and appropriate PAM methodologies.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	acoustic ecology,ambient noise,anthropogenic noise,bioacoustics,ecoacoustics,habitat monitoring,passive acoustic monitoring,remote sensing,soundscape,ecology, evolution, behavior and systematics,ecological modelling,sdg 15 - life on land ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1105
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Science > School of Environmental Sciences
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Collaborative Centre for Sustainable Use of the Seas
Related URLs:	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?...
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	12 Feb 2021 01:18
Last Modified:	23 Oct 2022 02:13
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/79235
DOI:	10.1111/2041-210X.12330

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