Systematic review of modifiable risk factors shows little evidential support for most current practices in Cryptosporidium management in bovine calves

Brainard, Julii, Hooper, Lee ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7904-3331, McFarlane, Savannah, Hammer, Charlotte, Hunter, Paul ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5608-6144 and Tyler, Kevin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0647-8158 (2020) Systematic review of modifiable risk factors shows little evidential support for most current practices in Cryptosporidium management in bovine calves. Parasitology Research, 119 (11). pp. 3571-3584. ISSN 0932-0113

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Abstract

Cryptosporidiosis is common in young calves, causing diarrhoea, delayed growth, poor condition and excess mortality. No vaccine or cure exists, although symptomatic onset may be delayed with some chemoprophylactics. Other response and management strategies have focused on nutritional status, cleanliness and biosecurity. We undertook a systematic review of observational studies to identify risk or protective factors that could prevent Cryptosporidium parvum infection in calves. Included studies used multivariate analysis within cohort, cross-sectional or case-control designs, of risk factors among young calves, assessing C. parvum specifically. We tabulated data on characteristics and study quality and present narrative synthesis. Fourteen eligible studies were found; three of which were higher quality. The most consistent evidence suggested that risk of C. parvum infection increased when calves had more contact with other calves, were in larger herds or in organic production. Hard flooring reduced risk of infection and calves tended to have more cryptosporidiosis during warm and wet weather. While many other factors were not found to be associated with C. parvum infection, analyses were usually badly underpowered, due to clustering of management factors. Trials are needed to assess effects of manipulating calf contact, herd size, organic methods, hard flooring and temperature. Other factors need to be assessed in larger observational studies with improved disaggregation of potential risk factors.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	calves,co-infection,colostrum,cryptosporidiosis,flooring,herd size,organic,risk factors,parasitology,veterinary(all),insect science,infectious diseases,sdg 3 - good health and well-being ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2400/2405
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School University of East Anglia Research Groups/Centres > Theme - ClimateUEA
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Epidemiology and Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Public Health and Health Services Research (former - to 2023) Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > UEA Hydrate Group Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Health Services and Primary Care Faculty of Social Sciences > Research Centres > Water Security Research Centre Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Population Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Metabolic Health
Related URLs:	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?...
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	12 Sep 2020 00:25
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2023 02:46
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/76843
DOI:	10.1007/s00436-020-06890-2

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