Nanopore metagenomics enables rapid clinical diagnosis of bacterial lower respiratory infection

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Charalampous, Themoula, Kay, Gemma, Richardson, Hollian, Aydin, Alp, Baldan, Rossella, Jeanes, Christopher, Rae, Duncan, Grundy, Sara, Turner, Daniel J., Wain, John, Leggett, Richard M., Livermore, David ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9856-3703 and O'Grady, Justin (2019) Nanopore metagenomics enables rapid clinical diagnosis of bacterial lower respiratory infection. Nature Biotechnology, 37. 783–792. ISSN 1087-0156

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Official URL: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/387548v1

Abstract

The gold standard for clinical diagnosis of bacterial lower respiratory infections (LRIs) is culture, which has poor sensitivity and is too slow to guide early, targeted antimicrobial therapy. Metagenomic sequencing could identify LRI pathogens much faster than culture, but methods are needed to remove the large amount of human DNA present in these samples for this approach to be feasible. We developed a metagenomics method for bacterial LRI diagnosis that features efficient saponin-based host DNA depletion and nanopore sequencing. Our pilot method was tested on 40 samples, then optimized and tested on a further 41 samples. Our optimized method (6 h from sample to result) was 96.6% sensitive and 41.7% specific for pathogen detection compared with culture and we could accurately detect antibiotic resistance genes. After confirmatory quantitative PCR and pathobiont-specific gene analyses, specificity and sensitivity increased to 100%. Nanopore metagenomics can rapidly and accurately characterize bacterial LRIs and might contribute to a reduction in broad-spectrum antibiotic use.

Item Type:	Article
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Public Health and Health Services Research (former - to 2023) Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Epidemiology and Public Health
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	09 Jul 2019 08:30
Last Modified:	17 Aug 2023 12:31
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/71681
DOI:	10.1038/s41587-019-0156-5

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