Field evaluation of an immunochromatographic test for diagnosis of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis

Gao, Chun-hua, Wang, Jun-yun, Shi, Feng, Steverding, Dietmar, Wang-Steverding, Xia ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6915-2588, Yang, Yue-tao and Zhou, Xiao-nong (2018) Field evaluation of an immunochromatographic test for diagnosis of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis. Parasites & Vectors, 11. ISSN 1756-3305

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Abstract

Background: The larval stages of the tapeworms Echinocoocus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis are the causative agents of human cystic echinococcosis (CE) and human alveolar echinococcosis (AE), respectively. Both CE and AE are chronic diseases characterised by long asymptomatic periods of many years. However, early diagnosis of the disease is important if treatment and management of echinococcosis patients are to be successful. Methods: A previously developed rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for the differential detection of CE and AE was evaluated under field conditions with finger prick blood samples taken from 1502 people living in the Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China, a region with a high prevalence for both forms of human echinococcosis. The results were compared with simultaneously obtained abdominal ultrasonographic scans of the individuals. Results: Using the ultrasonography as the gold standard, sensitivity and specificity, and the diagnostic accuracy of the RDT were determined to be greater than 94% for both CE and AE. For CE cases, high detection rates (95.6–98.8%) were found with patients having active cysts while lower detection rates (40.0–68.8%) were obtained with patients having transient or inactive cysts. In contrast, detection rates in AE patients were independent of the lesion type. The positive likelihood ratio of the RDT for CE and AE was greater than 20 and thus fairly high, indicating that a patient with a positive test result has a high probability of having echinococcosis. Conclusions: The results suggest that our previously developed RDT is suitable as a screening tool for the early detection of human echinococcosis in endemic areas.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	cystic echinococcosis,alveolar echinococcosis,echinococcus granulosus,echinococcus multilocularis,abdominal ultrasound image examination,rapid diagnostic test,sdg 3 - good health and well-being ,/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Gastroenterology and Gut Biology
Depositing User:	Pure Connector
Date Deposited:	14 May 2018 15:31
Last Modified:	17 Nov 2024 07:30
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/67052
DOI:	10.1186/s13071-018-2896-3

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