Identification of a novel loss-of-function PHEX mutation, Ala720Ser, in a sporadic case of adult-onset hypophosphatemic osteomalacia

Goljanek-Whysall, Katarzyna, Tridimas, Andreas, McCormick, Rachel, Russell, Nicki-Jayne, Sloman, Melissa, Sorani, Alan, Fraser, William D. and Hannan, Fadil M. (2018) Identification of a novel loss-of-function PHEX mutation, Ala720Ser, in a sporadic case of adult-onset hypophosphatemic osteomalacia. Bone, 106. pp. 30-34. ISSN 8756-3282

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Abstract

Adults presenting with sporadic hypophosphatemia and elevations in circulating fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) concentrations are usually investigated for an acquired disorder of FGF23 excess such as tumor induced osteomalacia (TIO). However, in some cases the underlying tumor is not detected, and such patients may harbor other causes of FGF23 excess. Indeed, coding-region and 3’UTR mutations of phosphate-regulating neutral endopeptidase (PHEX), which encodes a cell-surface protein that regulates circulating FGF23 concentrations, can lead to alterations in phosphate homeostasis, which are not detected until adulthood. Here, we report an adult female who presented with hypophosphatemic osteomalacia and raised serum FGF23 concentrations. The patient and her parents, who were her only first-degree relatives, had no history of rickets. The patient was thus suspected of having TIO. However, no tumor had been identified following extensive localization studies. Mutational analysis of the PHEX coding-region and 3’UTR was undertaken, and this revealed the patient to be heterozygous for a novel germline PHEX mutation (c.2158G>T; p.Ala720Ser). In vitro studies involving the expression of WT and mutant PHEX proteins in HEK293 cells demonstrated the Ala720Ser mutation to impair trafficking of PHEX, with <20% of the mutant protein being expressed at the cell surface, compared to >80% cell surface expression for WT PHEX (p<0.05). Thus, our studies have identified a pathogenic PHEX mutation in a sporadic case of adult-onset hypophosphatemic osteomalacia, and these findings highlight a role for PHEX gene analysis in some cases of suspected TIO, particularly when no tumor has been identified.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	fgf23,phex,x-linked,hypophosphatemia,osteomalacia,tumor
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Musculoskeletal Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Metabolic Health
Depositing User:	Pure Connector
Date Deposited:	05 Oct 2017 05:09
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2023 02:04
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/65077
DOI:	10.1016/j.bone.2017.10.002

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