Energetically stable singular vortex cores in an atomic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate

Lovegrove, Justin, Borgh, Magnus O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4243-7051 and Ruostekoski, Janne (2012) Energetically stable singular vortex cores in an atomic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate. Physical Review A, 86 (1). ISSN 1050-2947

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Abstract

We analyze the structure and stability of singular singly quantized vortices in a rotating spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate. We show that the singular vortex can be energetically stable in both the ferromagnetic and polar phases despite the existence of a lower-energy nonsingular coreless vortex in the ferromagnetic phase. The spin-1 system exhibits an energetic hierarchy of length scales resulting from different interaction strengths, and we find that the vortex cores deform to a larger size determined by the characteristic length scale of the spin-dependent interaction. We show that in the ferromagnetic phase the resulting stable core structure, despite apparent complexity, can be identified as a single polar core with an axially symmetric density profile which is nonvanishing everywhere. In the polar phase, the energetically favored core deformation leads to a splitting of a singly quantized vortex into a pair of half-quantum vortices that preserves the topology of the vortex outside the extended core region, but breaks the axial symmetry of the core. The resulting half-quantum vortices exhibit nonvanishing ferromagnetic cores.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Erratum available at: doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.89.039902
Faculty \ School: Faculty of Science > School of Chemistry (former - to 2024)
UEA Research Groups: Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Quantum Fluids (former - to 2024)
Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Centre for Photonics and Quantum Science
Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Quantum Matter
Depositing User: Pure Connector
Date Deposited: 13 Oct 2016 08:00
Last Modified: 07 Nov 2024 12:39
URI: https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/60905
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.013613

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