Associations between branched chain amino acid intake and biomarkers of adiposity and cardiometabolic health independent of genetic factors: a twin study

Jennings, Amy, MacGregor, Alex ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2163-2325, Pallister, Tess, Spector, Tim and Cassidy, Aedin (2016) Associations between branched chain amino acid intake and biomarkers of adiposity and cardiometabolic health independent of genetic factors: a twin study. International Journal of Cardiology, 223. 992–998. ISSN 1874-1754

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Abstract

Background: Conflicting data exist on the impact of dietary and circulating levels of branched chain amino acids (BCAA) on cardiometabolic health and it is unclear to what extent these relations are mediated by genetics.  Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 1997 female twins we examined associations between BCAA intake, measured using food frequency-questionnaires, and a range of markers of cardiometabolic health, including DXA-measured body fat, blood pressure, HOMA-IR, highsensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and lipids. We also measured plasma concentrations of BCAA and known metabolites of amino acid metabolism using untargeted mass spectrometry. Using a within-twin design, multivariable analyses were used to compare the associations between BCAA intake and endpoints of cardiometabolic health, independently of genetic confounding.  Results: Higher BCAA intake was significantly associated with lower HOMA-IR (-0.1, Ptrend 0.02), insulin (-0.5 µU/mL, P-trend 0.03), hs-CRP -0.3 mg/L, P-trend 0.01), systolic blood pressure (-2.3 mm Hg, P-trend 0.01) and waist-to-height ratio (-0.01, P-trend 0.04), comparing extreme quintiles of intake. These associations persisted in within-pair analysis for monozygotic twins for insulin resistance (P<0.01), inflammation (P=0.03), and blood pressure (P=0.04) suggesting independence from genetic confounding. There were no association between BCAA intake and plasma concentrations, although two metabolitespreviously associated with obesity were inversely associated with BCAA intake (alphahydroxyisovalerate and trans-4-hydroxyproline).  Conclusions: Higher intakes of BCAA were associated, independently of genetics, with lower insulin resistance, inflammation, blood pressure and adiposity-related metabolites. The BCAA intake associated with our findings are easily achievable in the habitual diet.  Abbreviations: BCAA, branched chain amino acids; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DZ, dizygotic; FFQ, food frequency questionnaire; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; hs-CRP, high sensitivity C-reactive protein; MZ, monozygotic; SBP, systolic blood pressure; T2DM, type 2 diabetes; SBP, systolic blood pressure; WHtR, waist to height ratio

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Uncontrolled Keywords: cardiometabolic,diet,amino acids,sdg 3 - good health and well-being ,/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being
Faculty \ School: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
UEA Research Groups: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Nutrition and Preventive Medicine
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Epidemiology and Public Health
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Musculoskeletal Medicine
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Public Health and Health Services Research
Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Norwich Epidemiology Centre
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Norwich Epidemiology Centre
Depositing User: Pure Connector
Date Deposited: 24 Sep 2016 00:26
Last Modified: 20 Apr 2023 00:11
URI: https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/60047
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.08.307

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