Characterisation of MtoD from Sideroxydans lithotrophicus: A cytochrome c electron shuttle used in lithoautotrophic growth

Beckwith, Christopher R., Edwards, Marcus J., Lawes, Matthew, Shi, Liang, Butt, Julea N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9624-5226, Richardson, David J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6847-1832 and Clarke, Thomas A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6234-1914 (2015) Characterisation of MtoD from Sideroxydans lithotrophicus: A cytochrome c electron shuttle used in lithoautotrophic growth. Frontiers in Microbiology, 6. ISSN 1664-302X

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Abstract

The autotrophic Sideroxydans lithotrophicus ES-1 can grow by coupling the oxidation of ferrous iron to the reduction of oxygen. Soluble ferrous iron is oxidised at the surface of the cell by an MtoAB porin-cytochrome complex that functions as an electron conduit through the outer membrane. Electrons are then transported to the cytoplasmic membrane where they are used to generate proton motive force (for ATP synthesis) and NADH for autotrophic processes such as carbon fixation. As part of the mtoAB gene cluster, S. lithotrophicus also contains the gene mtoD that is proposed to encode a cytochrome c protein. We isolated mtoD from a Shewanella oneidensis expression system where the mtoD gene was expressed on a pBAD plasmid vector. Biochemical, biophysical and crystallographic characterisation of the purified MtoD revealed it as an 11 kDa monomeric protein containing a single heme. Sequence and structural alignment indicated that MtoD belonged to the class-1 cytochrome c family and had a similar fold to ferricytochrome c552 family, however the MtoD heme is bis-histidine coordinated and is substantially more exposed than the hemes of other family members. The reduction potential of the MtoD heme at pH 7 was +155 mV vs. Standard Hydrogen Electrode, which is approximately 100 mV lower than that of mitochondrial cytochromes c. Consideration of the properties of MtoD in the context of the potential respiratory partners identified from the genome suggests that MtoD could associate to multiple electron transfer partners as the primary periplasmic electron shuttle.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	© 2015 Beckwith, Edwards, Lawes, Shi, Butt, Richardson and Clarke. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	mtod,cytochrome,sideroxydans lithotropicus,iron oxidation
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Science Faculty of Science > School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science > School of Chemistry (former - to 2024) Faculty of Science > School of Natural Sciences (former - to 2024)
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Molecular Microbiology Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Energy Materials Laboratory Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Chemistry of Light and Energy Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Chemistry of Life Processes Faculty of Science > Research Centres > Centre for Molecular and Structural Biochemistry Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Biophysical Chemistry (former - to 2017) Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Organisms and the Environment
Depositing User:	Pure Connector
Date Deposited:	14 Apr 2015 09:28
Last Modified:	04 Oct 2024 14:30
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/53107
DOI:	10.3389/fmicb.2015.00332

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