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MacKay, James W 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7558-3800, Whitehead, Harry and Toms, Andoni P
(2014)
Radiological evidence for the triple bundle anterior cruciate ligament.
Clinical Anatomy, 27 (7).
pp. 1097-1102.
ISSN 0897-3806
Abstract
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has traditionally been described as having two bundles-one anteromedial and one posterolateral. This has been challenged by studies proposing the existence of a third, intermediate, bundle with distinct functional significance, an arrangement that has been described in a number of domesticated animal species. No radiological evidence for the triple bundle ACL has previously been described. A prevalence study was carried out on 73 consecutive human knee magnetic resonance (MR) studies to determine the number of visible bundles, excluding individuals with a history of ACL injury or mucoid degeneration. A triple bundle ACL was demonstrated in 15 out of 73 human knees (20.5%, 95% confidence interval 12.9-31.2%). This is the first radiological description of the human triple bundle ACL. There was MR imaging evidence of a triple bundle ACL in approximately one fifth of human knees in this study. Clin. Anat. 27:1097-1102, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | anterior cruciate ligament,magnetic resonance imaging,knee anatomy |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School |
| Depositing User: | Pure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Sep 2014 12:36 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2022 20:31 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/50142 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/ca.22420 |
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