An N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea induced corticotropin-releasing hormone promoter mutation provides a mouse model for endogenous glucocorticoid excess

Esapa, Christopher T, Nesbit, M Andrew, Head, Rosie A, Evans, Holly, Lath, Darren, Scudamore, Cheryl L, Hough, Tertius A, Podrini, Christine, Hannan, Fadil M, Fraser, William D, Croucher, Peter I, Brown, Matthew A, Brown, Steve D M, Cox, Roger D and Thakker, Rajesh V (2014) An N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea induced corticotropin-releasing hormone promoter mutation provides a mouse model for endogenous glucocorticoid excess. Endocrinology, 155 (3). pp. 908-22. ISSN 0013-7227

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Abstract

Cushing's syndrome, which is characterized by excessive circulating glucocorticoid concentrations, may be due to ACTH-dependent or -independent causes that include anterior pituitary and adrenal cortical tumors, respectively. ACTH secretion is stimulated by CRH, and we report a mouse model for Cushing's syndrome due to an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) induced Crh mutation at -120 bp of the promoter region, which significantly increased luciferase reporter activity and was thus a gain-of-function mutation. Crh(-120/+) mice, when compared with wild-type littermates, had obesity, muscle wasting, thin skin, hair loss, and elevated plasma and urinary concentrations of corticosterone. In addition, Crh(-120/+) mice had hyperglycemia, hyperfructosaminemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperleptinemia but normal adiponectin. Crh(-120/+) mice also had low bone mineral density, hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and decreased concentrations of plasma PTH and osteocalcin. Bone histomorphometry revealed Crh(-120/+) mice to have significant reductions in mineralizing surface area, mineral apposition, bone formation rates, osteoblast number, and the percentage of corticoendosteal bone covered by osteoblasts, which was accompanied by an increase in adipocytes in the bone marrow. Thus, a mouse model for Cushing's syndrome has been established, and this will help in further elucidating the pathophysiological effects of glucocorticoid excess and in evaluating treatments for corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	animals,body composition,bone and bones,calcium,cell line,chromosome mapping,corticosterone,corticotropin-releasing hormone,cushing syndrome,disease models, animal,ethylnitrosourea,female,glucocorticoids,lipid metabolism,male,mice,mice, inbred c3h,mice, inbred c57bl,mutation,osteoblasts,osteoporosis,promoter regions, genetic,sdg 3 - good health and well-being ,/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Musculoskeletal Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Metabolic Health
Depositing User:	Pure Connector
Date Deposited:	07 Jul 2014 13:10
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2023 01:17
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/48848
DOI:	10.1210/en.2013-1247

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