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de Wit, Nicole, Derrien, Muriel, Bosch-Vermeulen, Hanneke, Oosterink, Els, Keshtkar, Shohreh, Duval, Caroline, de Vogel-van den Bosch, Johan, Kleerebezem, Michiel, Müller, Michael 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5930-9905 and van der Meer, Roelof
(2012)
Saturated fat stimulates obesity and hepatic steatosis and affects gut microbiota composition by an enhanced overflow of dietary fat to the distal intestine.
AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 303 (5).
G589-599.
ISSN 0193-1857
Abstract
We studied the effect of dietary fat type, varying in polyunsaturated-to-saturated fatty acid ratios (P/S), on development of metabolic syndrome. C57Bl/6J mice were fed purified high-fat diets (45E% fat) containing palm oil (HF-PO; P/S 0.4), olive oil (HF-OO; P/S 1.1), or safflower oil (HF-SO; P/S 7.8) for 8 wk. A low-fat palm oil diet (LF-PO; 10E% fat) was used as a reference. Additionally, we analyzed diet-induced changes in gut microbiota composition and mucosal gene expression. The HF-PO diet induced a higher body weight gain and liver triglyceride content compared with the HF-OO, HF-SO, or LF-PO diet. In the intestine, the HF-PO diet reduced microbial diversity and increased the Firmicutes- to-Bacteroidetes ratio. Although this fits a typical obesity profile, our data clearly indicate that an overflow of the HF-PO diet to the distal intestine, rather than obesity itself, is the main trigger for these gut microbiota changes. A HF-PO diet-induced elevation of lipid metabolism-related genes in the distal small intestine confirmed the overflow of palm oil to the distal intestine. Some of these lipid metabolism-related genes were previously already associated with the metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, our data indicate that saturated fat (HF-PO) has a more stimulatory effect on weight gain and hepatic lipid accumulation than unsaturated fat (HF-OO and HF-SO). The overflow of fat to the distal intestine on the HF-PO diet induced changes in gut microbiota composition and mucosal gene expression. We speculate that both are directly or indirectly contributive to the saturated fat-induced development of obesity and hepatic steatosis.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | animals,dietary fats,fatty acids,fatty liver,gene expression,intestines,liver,metabolic syndrome x,metagenome,mice,mice, inbred c57bl,obesity,sdg 3 - good health and well-being ,/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School |
| UEA Research Groups: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Gastroenterology and Gut Biology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Nutrition and Preventive Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Metabolic Health |
| Related URLs: | |
| Depositing User: | Pure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Dec 2013 12:12 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Jun 2024 14:44 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/47054 |
| DOI: | 10.1152/ajpgi.00488.2011 |
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