Meta-analysis of diagnostic test studies using individual patient data and aggregate data

Riley, Richard D., Dodd, Susanna R., Craig, Jean V., Thompson, John R. and Williamson, Paula R. (2008) Meta-analysis of diagnostic test studies using individual patient data and aggregate data. Statistics in Medicine, 27 (29). pp. 6111-6136. ISSN 1097-0258

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Abstract

A meta-analysis of diagnostic test studies provides evidence-based results regarding the accuracy of a particular test, and usually involves synthesizing aggregate data (AD) from each study, such as the 2 by 2 tables of diagnostic accuracy. A bivariate random-effects meta-analysis (BRMA) can appropriately synthesize these tables, and leads to clinical results, such as the summary sensitivity and specificity across studies. However, translating such results into practice may be limited by between-study heterogeneity and that they relate to some ‘average’ patient across studies. In this paper we describe how the meta-analysis of individual patient data (IPD) from diagnostic studies can lead to clinical results more tailored to the individual patient. We develop IPD models that extend the BRMA framework to include study-level covariates, which help explain the between-study heterogeneity, and also patient-level covariates, which allow one to assess the effect of patient characteristics on test accuracy. We show how the inclusion of patient-level covariates requires a careful separation of within-study and across-study accuracy-covariate effects, as the latter are particularly prone to confounding. Our models are assessed through simulation and extended to allow IPD studies to be combined with AD studies, as IPD are not always available for all studies. Application is made to 23 studies assessing the accuracy of ear thermometers for diagnosing fever in children, with 16 IPD and 7 AD studies. The models reveal that between-study heterogeneity is partly explained by the use of different measurement devices, but there is no evidence that being an infant modifies diagnostic accuracy.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	meta-analysis,diagnosis,individual patient data (ipd),sensitivity,specificity
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Population Health
Depositing User:	Users 2731 not found.
Date Deposited:	22 Nov 2011 09:37
Last Modified:	24 Sep 2024 09:27
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/35496
DOI:	10.1002/sim.3441

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