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Luo, Feifei, Joshi, Manoj 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2948-2811, Samset, Bjørn H., Wilcox, Laura J., Stjern, Camilla W., Allen, Robert J., Kuo, Yan-Ning, Hua, Wei and Li, Shuanglin
(2026)
Contrasting impacts of Asian sulfate aerosols on regional summer extreme precipitation under different climate backgrounds.
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 26 (20).
ISSN 1680-7324
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Abstract
Asian sulfate aerosols substantially affect regional summer precipitation, yet whether and how their effects vary with the background climate state remains unclear. This study investigates these impacts under pre-industrial and pre-industrial +1 K climates, using the reduced-complexity climate model Fast Ocean Rapid Troposphere Experiment version 2 with the Systematic Regional Aerosol Perturbations simulations. Results show that increased Asian sulfate aerosols reduce the summer mean and extreme precipitation over East and South Asia in both climates, with stronger suppression over northern India in the +1 K climate. The atmospheric energy budget analysis reveals that this is primarily due to enhanced dynamic effects in the warmer climate. When aerosols are added to the pre-industrial climate, the increased horizontal dry static energy (DSE) gradient partially offsets the aerosol-induced dynamic suppression over northern India. Under the +1 K climate, higher atmospheric static stability weakens the local meridional circulation induced by aerosol forcing, thereby reducing the meridional temperature gradient and diminishing the offsetting effect, making the dynamic suppression more dominant. Further analysis indicates that this difference in precipitation responses results from the nonlinear interaction between the aerosol-radiation and aerosol-cloud interactions under the +1 K climate, whereas the two effects combine approximately linearly under the pre-industrial climate. This study suggests that the reduction in precipitation, including extremes, over northern India caused by Asian sulfate aerosols is amplified under a warmer climate background. This implies that future aerosol emissions reductions may unmask or amplify extreme precipitation increases in this region.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | Data availability: The ERA5 datasets are obtained from https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.6860a573 (Hersbach et al., 2023a) and https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.4991cf48 (Hersbach et al., 2023b). The PDRMIP data can be accessed through the World Data Center for Climate (WDCC) data server at https://doi.org/10.26050/WDCC/PDRMIP_2012-2021 (Andrews et al., 2021). Data of the FORTE2 experiments reported in this paper are available without restriction on reasonable request from Camilla W. Stjern at CICERO Center for International Climate Research. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | das in place,pdrmip_2012-2021 (andrews et al., 2021). data of the forte2 experiments reported in this paper are available without restriction on reasonable request from camilla w. stjern at cicero center for international climate research.,2026 ,/dt/atira/pure/keyword/DAStatement/das_in_place |
| Faculty \ School: | University of East Anglia Research Groups/Centres > Theme - ClimateUEA Faculty of Science > School of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science > Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research University of East Anglia Research Groups/Centres > Faculty of Science > Research Centres > Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research |
| UEA Research Groups: | Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Climatic Research Unit Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences |
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| Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Oct 2026 13:33 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Oct 2026 00:08 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/104882 |
| DOI: |
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