Optimisation of Baby, Me & NRT: a nicotine replacement therapy adherence intervention for pregnancy

Emery, Joanne ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8915-7033, McDaid, Lisa ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5032-2380, Coleman, Tim, Cooper, Sue, Thomson, Ross, Dickinson, Anne, Kinahan-Goodwin, Darren, Phillips, Lucy, Clark, Miranda, Bowker, Katherine and Naughton, Felix ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9790-2796 (2026) Optimisation of Baby, Me & NRT: a nicotine replacement therapy adherence intervention for pregnancy. Psychology and Health. ISSN 0887-0446

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Abstract

Objective: Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) is effective for quitting smoking, but pregnant women appear to benefit less than others. Likely reasons include poor adherence due to erroneous beliefs about NRT. We developed a theory-guided, blended interpersonal and digital NRT adherence intervention (“Baby, Me & NRT” [BMN]) for delivery alongside standard UK pregnancy smoking cessation care. Aims were to optimise BMN’s acceptability and feasibility of delivery prior to efficacy evaluation. Methods: Three sequential cohorts of pregnant daily smokers received standard care plus BMN from pre-quit to 28 days after quit date, with subsequent qualitative and quantitative data collection. Data analysis utilized the Person-Based Approach “table of changes’ method, with refinements after each cohort. Results: N=35 initiated BMN. All accepted NRT, with 91% (n=32) accepting “dual” NRT; 66% (n=23) attended all six consultations. Twenty-five (71%) participants, and their practitioners, provided feedback. Improvements included: using an NRT beliefs questionnaire to guide counselling; recommending NRT patches overnight if needed; making texts responsive to recipients’ smoking and NRT use; allowing recipients to reduce text frequency; adding a webpage featuring real-life pregnancy quit stories; adapting leaflet images to more clearly convey messages. Conclusion: BMN has been optimized via successive cohort testing and appears feasible to deliver.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	smoking cessation pregnancy person-based approach optimisation behavioural intervention nrt adherence,das in place,anonymised data are available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author. ,/dt/atira/pure/keyword/DAStatement/das_in_place
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > School of Health Sciences
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Behaviour Change EAST Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Implementation Science EAST Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Norwich Institute for Healthy Aging Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Health Promotion
Related URLs:	https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2026.27...
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	26 Oct 2026 16:50
Last Modified:	26 Oct 2026 16:50
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/104852
DOI:	10.1080/08870446.2026.2727409

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