Spatial and temporal analysis of the risks posed by metal contamination in coastal and marine sediments of Bahrain

Nicolaus, E. E. M.; Maxwell, D. L.; Khamis, A. S.; Abdulla, K. H.; Harrod, R. P.; Devlin, M. J.; Lyons, B. P.

doi:10.1007/s10661-021-09722-7

Spatial and temporal analysis of the risks posed by metal contamination in coastal and marine sediments of Bahrain

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Nicolaus, E. E. M., Maxwell, D. L., Khamis, A. S., Abdulla, K. H., Harrod, R. P., Devlin, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2194-2534 and Lyons, B. P. (2022) Spatial and temporal analysis of the risks posed by metal contamination in coastal and marine sediments of Bahrain. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 194 (2). ISSN 0167-6369

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Abstract

Nine metals including Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were analysed from sediment samples collected from 29 stations since 2007 from Bahraini waters. Within this study, it was investigated whether concentrations of these determinants are at concentrations above internationally established Assessment Criteria (AC). The majority of sites were considered not to pose a toxicological risk in terms of metal contamination. Where breaches occurred, they were mainly from historic samples related to Cr, Cu and Ni contamination. A trend assessment revealed that out of 59 significant trends, 36 were downwards and 23 upwards, indicating that some determinants like Al, Zn and Ni are improving strongly across some sites, whilst areas associated with industrial activity still see some increasing trends for Al, Cd, Pb and Zn.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Publisher Copyright: © 2022, Crown.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	bahrain,environmental quality standards (ospar bac, erl, erm, isqg, pel),marine sediments,metals,risk characterisation ratio,status and trend assessment,general environmental science,pollution,management, monitoring, policy and law ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2300/2300
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Science > School of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Social Sciences > School of Economics
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Collaborative Centre for Sustainable Use of the Seas Faculty of Social Sciences > Research Centres > Centre for Competition Policy
Related URLs:	https://www.scopus.com/pages/publication...
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	18 Jun 2026 11:10
Last Modified:	18 Jun 2026 21:01
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/103433
DOI:	10.1007/s10661-021-09722-7

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