Differences between breech and cephalic neonates born after planned cesarean section: A systematic review

Du, Yi, Zhang, Xiaoyun, Zhou, Xinyu, Baker, Philip N., Kilby, Mark D. and Tong, Chao (2025) Differences between breech and cephalic neonates born after planned cesarean section: A systematic review. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 25. ISSN 1471-2393

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Abstract

Background: A growing number of studies have found that breech presentation is related to preexisting diseases and may affect future fetal development. This study aimed to compare the differences between breech presentation and cephalic presentation and explore the underlying mechanisms of adverse outcomes caused by fetal station itself. Methods: ‘PubMed’, ‘Embase’ and ‘Cochrane Library’ were searched from inception to October 21, 2022. Comparative studies containing ‘prelabor CS’ or ‘elective CS’ of cephalic and breech presentation were included. A total of 585 studies were included, and 5 studies were eligible for final research. Review Manager 5.4.1 was used for data synthesis. Results: The mortality of breech group is not different from that of cephalic group (RR 0.69, 95% CI 0.09–5.13, p = 0.71). No differences in infant (< 1 year) and neonatal (0–27 days) mortality were found between the breech and cephalic presentations (RR 1.56, 95% CI 0.86–2.82, p = 0.14). However, breech group was found to have lower birth weight (p < 0.002), umbilical coiling index(p < 0.0001), and bone SOS (p = 0.03)than cephalic group. Conclusions: The breech presentation itself may not be related to adverse pregnancy outcomes, and more attention is needed for further exploration.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Data availability: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	apgar score,autoregulation,cerebral circulation,external cephalic version,fetus,light perception,morbidity,mortality,neonates,neurological development,obstetrics and gynaecology ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2729
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Metabolic Health
Related URLs:	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?...
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	23 Dec 2025 10:30
Last Modified:	23 Dec 2025 10:30
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/101489
DOI:	10.1186/s12884-025-08327-z

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