Inaccurate and misleading terminology may impede the protection of people and wildlife from adverse effects of lead ammunition

Thomas, Vernon G., Green, Rhys E. and Pain, Deborah J. (2025) Inaccurate and misleading terminology may impede the protection of people and wildlife from adverse effects of lead ammunition. Environmental Pollution. ISSN 0269-7491

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Abstract

Inaccurate terminology and misinformation about lead (Pb) ammunition’s toxicity may obstruct proposed regulation requiring use of non-lead substitutes. Elemental lead of anthropogenic origin in the environment is often confused with naturally-occurring lead ore compounds in the scientific literature, leading to suggestions that its use cannot be regulated. Inaccurate and misleading statements about the composition of substitutes for lead ammunition and fishing weights can cause public misunderstanding about their use and hinder proposals to end the use of lead-based products. It is necessary to clarify the composition of lead substitutes in nationally/internationally-approved lists of non-toxic products and to make them publicly available. Suitable products already exist but need to be adopted in most countries’ legislation, especially if a broad transition to lead substitutes for all hunting ammunition and fishing weights is to be adopted. These concerns apply especially to the European Union, the United Kingdom, and other countries in which much scientific evidence supports the use of non-lead substitutes.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Data availability: No data was used for the research described in the article.
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Science > School of Biological Sciences
Related URLs:	https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve...
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	26 Aug 2025 11:30
Last Modified:	26 Aug 2025 11:30
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/100240
DOI:	10.1016/j.envpol.2025.127010

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