International expert consensus on surgery for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Kermansaravi, Mohammad, Omar, Islam, Finer, Nicholas, Le Roux, Carel, Carbajo, Miguel A., Sarwer, David, Busetto, Luca, Ponce, Jaime, Logue, Jennifer, Parretti, Helen M., O’Kane, Mary, Shahabi, Shahab, Khunti, Kamlesh, Blakemore, Alexandra I., Stenberg, Erik, Abbott, Sally, Alqahtani, Aayed, Aminian, Ali, Amr, Bassem, Balibrea, Jose M., Batterham, Rachel L., Behrens, Estuardo, Bhatt, Deepak L., Chesworth, Paul, Chowbey, Pradeep, Clare, Ken, Neto, Manoel Galvao, Graham, Yitka, Goel, Ramen, Hanif, Wasim, Herrera, Miguel F., Kasama, Kazunori, Kassir, Radwan, Knop, Filip K., Kothari, Shanu N., Kristinsson, Jon A., McGowan, Barbara, McKechnie, Andrew, Miller, Karl, Miras, Alex D., Morton, John, Ogden, Jane, Peterli, Ralph, Pinkney, Jonathan H., Pournaras, Dimitri, Pouwels, Sjaak, Prager, Gerhard, Salminen, Paulina, Serlie, Mireille J., Shabbir, Asim, Singhal, Rishi, Taheri, Shahrad, Tahrani, Abd A., Weiner, Rudolf, Shikora, Scott A. and Mahawar, Kamal (2025) International expert consensus on surgery for type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Endocrine Disorders, 25 (1). ISSN 1472-6823

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Abstract

Introduction: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) has been an established treatment option for patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but there is a relative paucity of evidence-based guidelines on preoperative, operative, and postoperative considerations concerning metabolic surgery for T2DM patients. To address this gap, we initiated a Delphi consensus process with a diverse group of international multidisciplinary experts. Method: We embarked on a Delphi consensus-building exercise to propose an evidence-based expert consensus covering various aspects of MBS in patients with T2DM. We defined the scope of the exercise and proposed statements and surveyed the literature through electronic databases. The literature summary and voting process were conducted by 52 experts, who evaluated 44 statements. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Results: Consensus, defined as > 80% agreement, was reached for 43 out of 44 statements. The experts reached an agreement on the nature, terminology, and mechanisms of action of MBS. The currently available scores for predicting remission of T2DM after surgery are not robust enough for routine clinical use, and there is a need for further research to enable more personalized treatment. Additionally, they agreed that metabolic surgery for T2DM is cost-effective, and MBS procedures for treating T2DM vary in their safety and efficacy. Conclusion: This Delphi expert consensus statement guides clinicians on various aspects of metabolic surgery for T2DM and also grades the quality of the available evidence for each of the proposed statements.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2025.
Uncontrolled Keywords: bariatric surgery,metabolic surgery,type 2 diabetes mellitus,endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism,sdg 3 - good health and well-being ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2712
Faculty \ School: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
UEA Research Groups: Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Norwich Epidemiology Centre
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Norwich Epidemiology Centre
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Norwich Institute for Healthy Aging
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Nutrition and Preventive Medicine
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Mental Health and Social Care (fka Lifespan Health)
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Public Health
Related URLs:
Depositing User: LivePure Connector
Date Deposited: 06 Aug 2025 15:30
Last Modified: 06 Aug 2025 15:30
URI: https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/100080
DOI: 10.1186/s12902-025-01961-w

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