Glycans as modulators of plant defense against filamentous pathogens

Chaliha, Chayanika, Rugen, Michael D., Field, Robert A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8574-0275 and Kalita, Eeshan (2018) Glycans as modulators of plant defense against filamentous pathogens. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9. ISSN 1664-462X

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Abstract

Plants and microbes utilize glycoconjugates as structural entities, energy reserves for cellular processes, and components of cellular recognition or binding events. The structural heterogeneity of carbohydrates in such systems is a result of the ability of the carbohydrate biosynthetic enzymes to reorient sugar monomers in a variety of forms, generating highly complex, linear, branched, or hierarchical structures. During the interaction between plants and their microbial pathogens, the microbial cell surface glycans, cell wall derived glycans, and glycoproteins stimulate the signaling cascades of plant immune responses, through a series of specific or broad spectrum recognition events. The microbial glycan-induced plant immune responses and the downstream modifications observed in host-plant glycan structures that combat the microbial attack have garnered immense interest among scientists in recent times. This has been enabled by technological advancements in the field of glycobiology, making it possible to study the ongoing co-evolution of the microbial and the corresponding host glycan structures, in greater detail. The new glycan analogs emerging in this evolutionary arms race brings about a fresh perspective to our understanding of plant–pathogen interactions. This review discusses the role of diverse classes of glycans and their derivatives including simple sugars, oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in relation to the activation of classical Pattern-Triggered Immunity (PTI) and Effector-Triggered Immunity (ETI) defense responses in plants. While primarily encompassing the biological roles of glycans in modulating plant defense responses, this review categorizes glycans based on their structure, thereby enabling parallels to be drawn to other areas of glycobiology. Further, we examine how these molecules are currently being used to develop new bio-active molecules, potent as priming agents to stimulate plant defense response and as templates for designing environmentally friendly foliar sprays for plant protection.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Funding Information: This work was supported by a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC, United Kingdom) Institute Strategic Program Grant (MFN)(BB/P012523/1) to the John Innes Centre. EK acknowledges DBT, Government of India for the Overseas Associateship fellowship which was availed at the John Innes Centre, at RF’s laboratory (BT/20/NE/2011). CC would like to acknowledge DST, Government of India for her DST INSPIRE Junior Research Fellowship (IF150964). MR is supported by BBSRC-ERA-CAPS grant (BB/N010272/1) to RF. EK and CC wish to acknowledge DBT, Government of India, for the Twinning Research Grant (Grant No. BT/427/NE/TBP/2011). Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Chaliha, Rugen, Field and Kalita.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	carbohydrates,elicitors,fungi,glycans,oomycete,plant defense,priming,plant science ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1100/1110
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Science > School of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Pharmacology
Related URLs:	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?...
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	04 Sep 2024 08:33
Last Modified:	08 Sep 2024 06:35
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/96501
DOI:	10.3389/fpls.2018.00928

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