Identification of pathways required for Salmonella to colonise alfalfa using TraDIS-Xpress

Holden, Emma R., Abi Assaf, Justin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3343-1865, Al-Khanaq, Haider, Vimont, Noemie, Webber, Mark A. and Trampari, Eleftheria (2024) Identification of pathways required for Salmonella to colonise alfalfa using TraDIS-Xpress. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. ISSN 0099-2240

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Abstract

Enteropathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella, have been linked to numerous fresh produce outbreaks, posing a significant public health threat. The ability of Salmonella to persist on fresh produce for extended periods is partly attributed to its capacity to form biofilms, which pose a challenge to food decontamination and can increase pathogenic bacterial load in the food chain. Preventing Salmonella colonization of food products and food processing environments is crucial for reducing the incidence of foodborne outbreaks. Understanding the mechanisms of establishment on fresh produce will inform the development of decontamination approaches. We used Transposon-Directed Insertion site Sequencing (TraDIS-Xpress) to investigate the mechanisms used by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium to colonize and establish on fresh produce over time. We established an alfalfa colonization model and compared the findings to those obtained from glass surfaces. Our research identified distinct mechanisms required for Salmonella establishment on alfalfa compared with glass surfaces over time. These include the type III secretion system (sirC), Fe-S cluster assembly (iscA), curcumin degradation (curA), and copper tolerance (cueR). Shared pathways across surfaces included NADH hydrogenase synthesis (nuoA and nuoB), fimbrial regulation (fimA and fimZ), stress response (rpoS), LPS O-antigen synthesis (rfbJ), iron acquisition (ybaN), and ethanolamine utilization (eutT and eutQ). Notably, flagellum biosynthesis differentially impacted the colonization of biotic and abiotic environments over time. Understanding the genetic underpinnings of Salmonella establishment on both biotic and abiotic surfaces over time offers valuable insights that can inform the development of targeted antibacterial therapeutics, ultimately enhancing food safety throughout the food processing chain.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Funding information: The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); E.R.H., J.A.A., H.A.-K., M.A.W., and E.T. were supported by the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme Microbes and Food Safety BB/X011011/1 and its constituent project BBS/E/F/000PR13635. N.V. was supported by the Food Safety Research Network grant BB/X002985/1 awarded to E.T.
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Science > School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	24 May 2024 08:30
Last Modified:	07 Jul 2024 06:34
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/95297
DOI:	10.1128/aem.00139-24

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