An efficient miRNA knockout approach using CRISPR-Cas9 in Xenopus

Godden, Alice M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5760-011X, Antonaci, Marco, Ward, Nicole J., Van Der Lee, Michael, Abu-Daya, Anita, Guille, Matthew and Wheeler, Grant N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4335-8577 (2022) An efficient miRNA knockout approach using CRISPR-Cas9 in Xenopus. Developmental Biology, 483. pp. 66-75. ISSN 0012-1606

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Abstract

In recent years CRISPR-Cas9 knockouts (KO) have become increasingly ultilised to study gene function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs, 20–22 nucleotides long, which affect gene expression through post-transcriptional repression. We previously identified miRNAs-196a and −219 as implicated in the development of Xenopus neural crest (NC). The NC is a multipotent stem-cell population, specified during early neurulation. Following EMT, NC cells migrate to various points in the developing embryo where they give rise to a number of tissues including parts of the peripheral nervous system, pigment cells and craniofacial skeleton. Dysregulation of NC development results in many diseases grouped under the term neurocristopathies. As miRNAs are so small, it is difficult to design CRISPR sgRNAs that reproducibly lead to a KO. We have therefore designed a novel approach using two guide RNAs to effectively ‘drop out’ a miRNA. We have knocked out miR-196a and miR-219 and compared the results to morpholino knockdowns (KD) of the same miRNAs. Validation of efficient CRISPR miRNA KO and phenotype analysis included use of whole-mount in situ hybridization of key NC and neural plate border markers such as Pax3, Xhe2, Sox10 and Snail2, q-RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. To show specificity we have also rescued the knockout phenotype using miRNA mimics. miRNA-219 and miR-196a KO’s both show loss of NC, altered neural plate and hatching gland phenotypes. Tadpoles show gross craniofacial and pigment phenotypes.

Item Type:	Article
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Science > School of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science
UEA Research Groups:	Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Cells and Tissues Faculty of Science > Research Groups > Wheeler Group
Related URLs:	https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve...
Depositing User:	LivePure Connector
Date Deposited:	04 Jan 2022 10:30
Last Modified:	21 Apr 2023 01:19
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/82852
DOI:	10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.12.015

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