Toward tunable immobilized molecular catalysts: Functionalizing the methylene bridge of bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) ligands

Zhong, Rui, Pöthig, Alexander, Haslinger, Stefan, Hofmann, Benjamin ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6408-3472, Raudaschl-Sieber, Gabriele, Herdtweck, Eberhardt, Herrmann, Wolfgang A. and Kühn, Fritz E. (2014) Toward tunable immobilized molecular catalysts: Functionalizing the methylene bridge of bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) ligands. ChemPlusChem, 79 (9). pp. 1294-1303. ISSN 2192-6506

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Abstract

A new immobilization mode for methylene-bridged bis(NHC) (NHC=N-heterocyclic carbene) ligand systems is presented, allowing fine-tuning of the steric and electronic properties of the bidentate ligand. For example, four hydroxymethyl-functionalized imidazolium salts (1 a-c and 2 a) and three bis(NHC) Pd complexes 3 a, 3 b, and 4 a are described. The chloro-functionalized bis(NHC) Pd complex 4 a was obtained quantitatively by conversion of the hydroxyl substituent of complex 3 a into a chloro substituent by employing thionyl chloride. All three bis(NHC) complexes 3 a, 3 b, and 4 a were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Two different synthetic routes were applied to immobilize the bis(NHC) Pd complex 3 a on polystyrene. The obtained heterogeneous catalyst 5 b was utilized for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions and could be recycled without significant activity loss in four runs. Furthermore, the water-soluble homogeneous catalyst 3 a itself could be employed for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in water.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: bridging ligands,carbene ligands,cross-coupling,immobilization,palladium,chemistry(all) ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1600
Faculty \ School: Faculty of Science > School of Chemistry
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Depositing User: LivePure Connector
Date Deposited: 17 Jul 2021 00:12
Last Modified: 23 Oct 2022 02:42
URI: https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/80636
DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201402135

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