Recent smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 among individuals with recent respiratory symptoms
, GCCR Group Author (2020) Recent smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 among individuals with recent respiratory symptoms. Chemical Senses. ISSN 0379-864X
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Abstract
In a preregistered, cross-sectional study we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n=4148) or negative (C19-; n=546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19- groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean±SD, C19+: -82.5±27.2 points; C19-: -59.8±37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC=0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g., fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4<OR<10). Once independently validated, this tool could be deployed when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable.
Item Type: | Article |
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Additional Information: | © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | otorhinolaryngology ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2733 |
Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School |
Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
Date Deposited: | 09 Jan 2021 01:21 |
Last Modified: | 01 Mar 2021 00:57 |
URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/78124 |
DOI: | 10.1093/chemse/bjaa081 |
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