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Cowell, Owen, Mistry, Nathan, Deighton, Kevin, Matu, James, Griffiths, Alex, Minihane, Anne-Marie 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9042-4226, Mathers, John, Shannon, Oliver and Servo, Mario
(2021)
Effects of a Mediterranean diet on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies.
Journal of Hypertension, 39 (4).
pp. 729-739.
ISSN 0263-6352
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Abstract
Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating effects of MedDiet on blood pressure in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and associations of MedDiet with risk of hypertension in observational studies. Methods: PubMed, The Cochrane Library and EBSCOhost were searched from inception until January 2020 for studies that met the following criteria: 1) participants aged ≥18 years, 2) RCTs investigating effects of a MedDiet versus control on BP, 3) Observational studies exploring associations between MedDiet adherence and risk of hypertension. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed for RCTs to identify potential effect moderators. Results: Nineteen RCTs reporting data on 4137 participants and 16 observational studies reporting data on 59,001 participants were included in the meta-analysis. MedDiet interventions reduced systolic and diastolic BP by a mean -1.4 mmHg (95% CI: -2.40 to -0.39 mmHg, p=0.007, I2=53.5%, Q=44.7, τ2=1.65, df=19) and -1.5 mmHg (95% CI: -2.74 to -0.32 mmHg, p=0.013, I2=71.5%, Q=51.6, τ2=4.72, df=19) versus control, respectively. Meta-regression revealed that longer study duration and higher baseline systolic BP was associated with a greater decrease in BP, in response to a MedDiet (p<0.05). In observational studies, odds of developing hypertension were 13% lower with higher versus lower MedDiet adherence (95% CI: 0.78 to 0.98, p=0.017, I2=69.6%, Q=41.1, τ2=0.03, df=17). Conclusions: Data suggest that MedDiet is an effective dietary strategy to aid BP control, which may contribute towards the lower risk of CVD reported with this dietary pattern. This study was registered with PROSPERO: CRD42019125073.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | Funding Information: This research was carried out as part of the MedEx-UK and NuBrain research projects which are funded by Alzheimer's Research UK (ARUK-PRRF2017-006) and a UK NRP Collaborative Award (MR/T001852/1), respectively. |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | mediterranean diet,blood pressure,cardiovascular disease,hypertension,cardiology and cardiovascular medicine,physiology,internal medicine ,/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/2700/2705 |
| Faculty \ School: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Norwich Medical School |
| UEA Research Groups: | Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Groups > Nutrition and Preventive Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Norwich Institute for Healthy Aging Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences > Research Centres > Lifespan Health |
| Related URLs: | |
| Depositing User: | LivePure Connector |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Sep 2020 00:05 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Oct 2023 02:46 |
| URI: | https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/76996 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/HJH.0000000000002667 |
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