Culture, resistance and violence: Guarding the Habsburg Ostgrenze with Montenegro in 1914

Carmichael, Cathie (2018) Culture, resistance and violence: Guarding the Habsburg Ostgrenze with Montenegro in 1914. European Review of History, 25 (5). pp. 705-723. ISSN 1350-7486

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Abstract

Between 1878 and 1918 the Eastern border (Ostgrenze) of the Habsburg Monarchy, and in particular the mountainous regions between Hercegovina and Montenegro, posed security challenges. The people of the region had strong local traditions and a reputation for resistance to outside authority (having fought against Ottoman power for centuries). In 1878, the village of Klobuk had tried to fight off the Habsburg invader and had only slowly been subdued. Thereafter the new authorities built up a formidable line of defence along their new border with Montenegro including the garrisons at Trebinje, Bileća and Avtovac. After the annexation of Bosnia and Hercegovina in 1908, the security situation became tense, a situation exacerbated by fear of South Slav expansion after the Balkan Wars of 1912–13 (which went hand in hand with propaganda that depicted the Serbs and Montenegrins as violent by nature). Orthodox Serbs living along the Montenegrin border were increasingly viewed with suspicion. During the summer of 1914, when anti-Serb feeling reverberated around the Monarchy, men from the villages closest to the border were either hanged or deported. The implementation and interpretation of Habsburg military regulations (Dienstreglement) meant that the Orthodox population in the border areas suffered disproportionately in 1914.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	habsburg monarchy,1914,violence,first world war,montenegro,hercegovina,orthodox serbs,sdg 16 - peace, justice and strong institutions ,/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/peace_justice_and_strong_institutions
Faculty \ School:	Faculty of Arts and Humanities > School of History
UEA Research Groups:
Depositing User:	Pure Connector
Date Deposited:	17 Apr 2018 15:31
Last Modified:	06 Jan 2024 01:34
URI:	https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/66794
DOI:	10.1080/13507486.2018.1474179

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